CD cell line has been established from a poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of tongue. This is a first ever cell line established from an Indian gutka chewer. Cell line was characterized for morphology, ultrastructure, doubling time, expression of epithelial markers, DNA content, karyotyping, STR markers, p53 mutations, HPV status, and tumorigenicity in SCID mice with all-trans-retinoic acid and cisplatin. The epithelial phenotype of the cell line was confirmed with surface markers and ultrastructure. The cell line is hyperploid with chromosomal alterations like gain of chromosomes 8q and 11q. CD cell line shows a unique pattern on STR genotyping and carries a missense mutation R273C in TP53. It does not show genomic integration of HPV. The cells are nontumorigenic to SCID mice and show growth inhibition upon treatment with cisplatin, and all-trans-retinoic acid. This cell line may be useful as an in vitro tool to understand the molecular changes associated with oral cancers. 1. Introduction Cancer of oral cavity is the third most common cancer in India (http://globocan.iarc.fr/Pages/online.aspx). The important risk factors identified so far are tobacco use and alcohol consumption, which seem to have a synergistic effect. Statistics for head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCCs) throughout the world show these cancers to be prevalent in areas where consumption of tobacco and alcohol is high [1]. The process of oral carcinogenesis is multifactorial with interplay of various environmental factors. Though treatment modalities have shown an advancement, the survival rates of oral cancer patients have not improved markedly over the past few decades [2]. Tumor derived cell lines form a useful resource as model systems with reflections of the original tumors [3]. Therefore, development of cell lines from tumor tissues will aid in understanding the events associated with development of cancer. Moreover, cell lines are required to study the effects of various known and novel drug formulations and help in studying future treatment strategies. In spite of these advantages, there are very few cell lines developed from Indian oral cancer patients [4–6]. We have established an oral cancer cell line CD from a young gutka chewer. Gutka is a dry mixture of areca nut, catechu, and slaked lime with tobacco. Due to its easy availability and low cost, it has become popular chewing substitute in young Indian tobacco habitués. Use of gutka has been strongly implicated in increased incidence of oral submucous fibrosis, a precancerous lesion, which has a high rate
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