Skull base inverted papilloma (IP) is an unusual entity for many neurosurgeons. IP is renowned for its high rate of recurrence, its ability to cause local destruction, and its association with malignancy. This paper is a comprehensive review of the reports, studies, and reviews published in the current biomedical literature from 1947 to September 2010 and synthesize this information to focus on its potential invasion to the base of the skull and possible intradural extension. The objective is to familiarize the clinician with the different aspects of this unusual disease. The role of modern diagnostic tools in medical imaging in order to assess clearly the limits of the tumors and to enhance the efficiency and the safety in the choice of a surgical approach is pointed out. The treatment guidelines for IP have undergone a complex evolution that continues today. Radical excision of the tumour is technically difficult and often incomplete. Successful management of IP requires resection of the affected mucosa which could be achieved with open surgery, endoscopic, or combined approach. Radio and chemotherapy were used for certain indications. More optimally research would be a multicenter randomized trials with large size cohorts. 1. Background Inverted papillomas generate considerable interest because they are locally aggressive, have a propensity to recur, and are associated with malignancy [1, 2]. Recurrent disease and metachronous carcinoma can develop after a prolonged period of time [2]. Skull base inverted papilloma is a benign sinonasal neoplastic proliferation. Papilloma per se lacks the essential criteria for malignancy, such as metastasis. It has the propensity for invasion into adjacent structures, such as the orbit and CNS, even in the absence of malignancy. Intracranial involvement of inverted papilloma is unusual and is usually seen in recurrent cases [3]. Recognition of the propensity for recurrence and the association with malignancy has led to the evolution of treatment. Many aspects of sinonasal inverted papillomas are still controversial [4] and active fields of research. This could be more challenging in a case of intracranial with intra- or extradural extension. 2. Definition The term papilloma means neoplasia with epithelial growth. The US National Cancer Institute’s [5] has defined inverted papilloma as a type of tumor in which surface epithelial cells grow downward into the underlying supportive tissue. The term inverted is derived from the characteristic proliferation of metaplastic surface epithelium (respiratory, transitional, or
References
[1]
G. J. Ridder, S. Behringer, G. Kayser, and J. Pfeiffer, “Malignancies arising in sinonasal inverted papillomas,” Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie, vol. 87, no. 11, pp. 783–790, 2008.
[2]
S. Mirza, P. J. Bradley, A. Acharya, M. Stacey, and N. S. Jones, “Sinonasal inverted papillomas: recurrence, and synchronous and metachronous malignancy,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 121, no. 9, pp. 857–864, 2007.
[3]
V. Visvanathan, H. Wallace, P. Chumas, and Z. G. Makura, “An unusual presentation of inverted papilloma: case report and literature review,” The Journal of Laryngology & Otology, vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 101–104, 2009.
[4]
N. J. Mansell and G. J. Bates, “The inverted schneiderian papilloma: a review and literature report of 43 new cases,” Rhinology, vol. 38, no. 3, pp. 97–101, 2000.
[5]
P. J. Miller, J. Jacobs, J. T. Roland Jr., J. Cooper, and H. H. Mizrachi, “Intracranial inverting papilloma,” Head & Neck, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 450–453, 1996.
[6]
J. H. Brown and F. S. Chew, “Inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 159, no. 2, p. 278, 1992.
[7]
N. Ward, “A mirror of the practice of medicine and surgery in the hospitals of London,” The Lancet, vol. 2, pp. 480–482, 1854.
[8]
N. Ringertz, “Pathology of malignant tumors arising in the nasal and paranasal cavities and maxilla,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 27, pp. 31–42, 1938.
[9]
S. A. Hasan, M. Aziz, and N. A. Faruqi, “Inverted papilloma of the nose (Ringertz tumour),” Journal of the Indian Medical Association, vol. 83, no. 9, pp. 316–318, 1985.
[10]
K. H. Ho, “Inverted papilloma—a modified surgical approach to reconstruction of the palate,” British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 115–119, 1988.
[11]
R. S. M. Kramer, “True papilloma of the nasal cavity,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 22–43, 1935.
[12]
H. Stammberger, “New aspects of aetiology and morphology of the inverting papilloma,” Laryngologie Rhinologie Otologie, vol. 62, no. 6, pp. 249–255, 1983.
[13]
J. T. Robertson, J. H. Robertson, H. B. Coakham, J. T. Robertson, and J. H. Robertson, Cranial Base Surgery, Churchill Livingstone, 2000.
[14]
E. Figuerola, M. Liern, J. M. Palomero et al., “Nasosinusal inverted papilloma,” Acta otorrinolaringologica espanola, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 35–38, 1990.
[15]
H. Stammberger, “The inverting papilloma of the nose,” HNO, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 128–133, 1981.
[16]
E. N. Myers, V. L. Schramm Jr., and E. L. Barnes Jr., “Management of inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Laryngoscope, vol. 91, no. 12, pp. 2071–2084, 1981.
[17]
D. Katenkamp, D. Stiller, and K. Kuttner, “Inverted papillomas of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Ultrastructural investigations on epithelial-stromal interface,” Virchows Archiv A Pathological Anatomy and Histology, vol. 397, no. 2, pp. 215–226, 1982.
[18]
H. Stammberger, “New aspects on the histogenesis of the inverting papilloma (IP). Part Two: comparative studies,” Laryngologie Rhinologie Otologie, vol. 62, no. 9, pp. 422–426, 1983.
[19]
F. C. Astor, J. O. Donegan, and J. L. Gluckman, “Unusual anatomic presentations of inverting papilloma,” Head and Neck Surgery, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 243–245, 1985.
[20]
A. B. Gili, D. M. Pérez, J. D. Galofre, and V. A. Torrero, “Malignant rhinosinusal inverted papilloma with orbital involvement,” Anales Otorrinolaringológicos Ibero-Americanos, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 399–406, 1998.
[21]
V. J. Hyams, “Papillomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. A clinicopathological study of 315 cases,” Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 192–206, 1971.
[22]
J. D. Steiger and A. G. Chiu, “A sinonasal inverted papilloma of mixed histology: implications for management of all sinonasal papillomas,” Ear, Nose and Throat Journal, vol. 86, no. 12, pp. 752–753, 2007.
[23]
J. G. Batsakis and P. Suarez, “Schneiderian papillomas and carcinomas: a review,” Advances in Anatomic Pathology, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 53–64, 2001.
[24]
M. R. Kaufman, M. S. Brandwein, and W. Lawson, “Sinonasal papillomas: clinicopathologic review of 40 patients with inverted and oncocytic schneiderian papillomas,” Laryngoscope, vol. 112, no. 8, Part 1, pp. 1372–1377, 2002.
[25]
A. Maitra, L. B. Baskin, and E. L. Lee, “Malignancies arising in oncocytic schneiderian papillomas: a report of 2 cases and review of the literature,” Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, vol. 125, no. 10, pp. 1365–1367, 2001.
[26]
Y. J. Yang and J. L. Abraham, “Undifferentiated carcinoma arising in oncocytic Schneiderian (cylindrical cell) papilloma,” Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 55, no. 3, pp. 289–294, 1997.
[27]
L. Barnes and C. Bedetti, “Oncocytic schneiderian papilloma: a reappraisal of cylindrical cell papilloma of the sinonasal tract,” Human Pathology, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 344–351, 1984.
[28]
T. D. Frantz, B. M. Rasgon, and G. J. Rumore, “Pathologic quiz case 2. Oncocytic schneiderian papilloma,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 120, no. 1, pp. 102–106, 1994.
[29]
T. Y. Cheng, S. H. Ueng, Y. L. Chen, K. P. Chang, and T. M. Chen, “Oncocytic schneiderian papilloma found in a recurrent chronic paranasal sinusitis,” Chang Gung Medical Journal, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 336–341, 2006.
[30]
D. M. Arendt, M. A. Platkajs, T. F. Lusby, and H. H. Scofield, “Cylindrical cell papilloma. Report of a case with light and ultrastructural analysis,” Oral Surgery Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, vol. 61, no. 4, pp. 382–387, 1986.
[31]
G. W. DeBoom, J. L. Jensen, and R. B. Wuerker, “Cylindrical cell papilloma,” Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 607–610, 1986.
[32]
C. Y. Liu, T. L. Tsai, C. Y. Hsu, and C. Z. Lin, “Oncocytic Schneiderian papilloma,” Journal of the Chinese Medical Association, vol. 67, no. 5, pp. 255–257, 2004.
[33]
S. T. Subha and N. Prepageran, “Nasal cylindrical cell papilloma,” Medical Journal of Malaysia, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 103–105, 2005.
[34]
M. Bignami, A. Pistochini, F. Meloni, E. Delehaye, and P. Castelnuovo, “A rare case of oncocytic Schneiderian Papilloma with intradural and intraorbital extension with notes of operative techniques,” Rhinology, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 316–319, 2009.
[35]
P. Mirejovsky, “Morphological classification of tumors of the respiratory tract,” Ceskoslovenska Patologie, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 67–76, 1981.
[36]
W. N. Christensen and R. R. L. Smith, “Schneiderian papillomas: a clinicopathologic study of 67 cases,” Human Pathology, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 393–400, 1986.
[37]
L. Michaels and M. Young, “Histogenesis of papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, vol. 119, no. 9, pp. 821–826, 1995.
[38]
K. Starska, I. Lewy-Trenda, O. Stasikowska, and M. ?ukomski, “Clinico-histopathological characteristics of inverted papilloma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses cases treated in Department of Laryngological Oncology UM of Lodz between 2002–2006—review of latest literature,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 937–943, 2007.
[39]
K. Shanmugaratnam and L. H. Sobin, “The World Health Organization histological classification of tumours of the upper respiratory tract and ear: a commentary on the second edition,” Cancer, vol. 71, no. 8, pp. 2689–2697, 1993.
[40]
L. Michaels, “Benign mucosal tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 113–117, 1996.
[41]
G. Eggers, H. Eggers, N. Sander, F. K??ling, and R. Chilla, “Histological features and malignant transformation of inverted papilloma,” European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, vol. 262, no. 4, pp. 263–268, 2005.
[42]
D. W. Sim, “Co-existent inverted papilloma and squamous carcinoma of the nasal septum,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 103, no. 8, pp. 774–775, 1989.
[43]
R. D. Eavey, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses in childhood and adolescence,” Laryngoscope, vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 17–23, 1985.
[44]
C. Buchwald, M. B. Franzmann, G. K. Jacobsen, B. R. Juhl, and H. Lindeberg, “Carcinomas occurring in papillomas of the nasal septum associated with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV),” Rhinology, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 74–78, 1997.
[45]
D. P. Vrabec, “The inverted Schneiderian papilloma: a clinical and pathological study,” Laryngoscope, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 186–220, 1975.
[46]
P. Strek, O. Zagolski, J. Skladzien, K. Oles, M. Konior, and K. Hydzik-Sobocinska, “Endoscopic surgical treatment of patients with isolated sphenoid sinus disease,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 254–259, 2007.
[47]
F. Ileri, A. Ceylan, S. Uslu, and K. Asal, “Isolated inverted papilloma of the sphenoid sinus: a case report,” Kulak Burun Bo?az Ihtisas Dergisi, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 41–44, 2006.
[48]
J. H. Dempster and K. MacKenzie, “Squamous carcinoma of the sphenoid sinus in association with inverted papillomatosis,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 102, no. 10, pp. 938–940, 1988.
[49]
B. W. Peters, R. C. O'Reilly, T. O. Willcox Jr., V. M. Rao, L. D. Lowry, and W. M. Keane, “Inverted papilloma isolated to the sphenoid sinus,” Otolaryngology, vol. 113, no. 6, pp. 771–778, 1995.
[50]
D. S. Sethi, D. P. C. Lau, L. W. J. Chee, and V. Chong, “Isolated sphenoethmoid recess polyps,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 112, no. 7, pp. 660–663, 1998.
[51]
S. Nishio, K. Samoto, I. Takeshita, K. Matsumoto, T. Matsushima, and M. Fukui, “Inverting papilloma of the sphenoid sinus: report of two cases,” Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 168–170, 2001.
[52]
N. Kanoh, R. Xu, Z. M. Wang et al., “Isolated sphenoid sinus disease: an analysis of 122 cases,” Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology, vol. 111, no. 4, pp. 323–327, 2002.
[53]
M. D. Eisen, L. Buchmann, R. S. Litman, and D. W. Kennedy, “Inverted papilloma of the sphenoid sinus presenting with auditory symptoms: a report of two cases,” Laryngoscope, vol. 112, no. 7 I, pp. 1197–1200, 2002.
[54]
J. T. Lee, S. Bhuta, R. Lufkin, and D. J. Castro, “Isolated inverting papilloma of the sphenoid sinus,” Laryngoscope, vol. 113, no. 1, pp. 41–44, 2003.
[55]
J. R. Alba, M. Armengot, A. Díaz, A. Pérez, N. Rausell, and J. Basterra, “Inverted papilloma of the sphenoid sinus,” Acta Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica Belgica, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 399–402, 2002.
[56]
E. M. Kosugi, R. D. P. Santos, F. F. Ganan?a et al., “Inverted papilloma in the sphenoethmoidal recess,” Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, vol. 74, no. 1, pp. 151–154, 2008.
[57]
A. F. Van Olphen, H. Lubsen, and J. W. Verlaat, “An inverted papilloma with intracranial extension,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 102, no. 6, pp. 534–537, 1988.
[58]
R. E. Rossi, F. Márquez, G. Renedo, and J. M. Rodríguez, “Inverted papillomas in nasal fossa and sinuses. Bringing up to date their clinical, radiological and pathological diagnosis and treatment,” Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 101–109, 1995.
[59]
J. A. Shohet and J. A. Duncavage, “Management of the frontal sinus with inverted papilloma,” Otolaryngology, vol. 114, no. 4, pp. 649–652, 1996.
[60]
J. Abildgaard-Jensen and O. Greisen, “Inverted papillomas of the nose and the paranasal sinuses,” Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 135–143, 1985.
[61]
C. K. Bacon and R. A. Hendrix, “Inverted papillomas of the nasal septum,” Transactions, vol. 42, pp. 1008–1013, 1990.
[62]
H. P. Ulrich, C. Mohr, D. Schettler, and L. D. Leder, “Inverted papilloma: implications for the oral and maxillofacial surgeon,” Dtsch Z Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 165–169, 1990.
[63]
E. Pasquini, V. Sciarretta, G. Farneti, G. C. Modugno, and A. R. Ceroni, “Radiological aspects of inverted papilloma,” Radiology, vol. 134, no. 1, pp. 73–79, 1980.
[64]
J. H. Kelly, M. Joseph, and E. Carroll, “Inverted papilloma of the nasal septum,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 106, no. 12, pp. 767–771, 1980.
[65]
A. Beck, E. Kaiserling, H. Rudert, and A. Beigel, “Papilloma inversum of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Clinical aspects and histology of 22 personal cases,” Laryngol Rhinol Otol, vol. 63, no. 7, pp. 347–352, 1984.
[66]
K. E. Outzen, A. Grontved, K. Jorgensen, and P. P. Clausen, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses: a study of 67 patients,” Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 309–312, 1991.
[67]
J. T. McElveen Jr. and W. E. Fee Jr., “Inverting papilloma of the sphenoid sinus,” Otolaryngology, vol. 89, no. 5, pp. 710–712, 1981.
[68]
H. J. Cho, J. K. Kim, K. Kim, Y. S. Kim, J. G. Lee, and J. H. Yoon, “Endoscopic surgery for inverted papilloma originating from the sphenoid sinus and related clinical characteristics,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 128, no. 10, pp. 1120–1125, 2008.
[69]
M. G. Dubin and F. A. Kuhn, “Unilateral multifocal inverted papilloma of the maxillary and frontal sinus,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 263–265, 2006.
[70]
K. H. Perzin, J. H. Lefkowitch, and R. M. Hui, “Bilateral nasal squamous carcinoma arising in papillomatosis: report of a case developing after chemotherapy for leukemia,” Cancer, vol. 48, no. 11, pp. 2375–2382, 1981.
[71]
P. Chatterji, I. Friedmann, and N. K. Soni, “Bilateral transitional-type inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 96, no. 3, pp. 281–287, 1982.
[72]
T. A. Rozanski, “Inverted papilloma: an unusual recurrent, multiple and multifocal lesion,” Journal of Urology, vol. 155, no. 4, p. 1391, 1996.
[73]
E. Yanagisawa and R. Latorre, “Endoscopic view of multicentric non-inverted intranasal papilloma,” Ear, Nose and Throat Journal, vol. 76, no. 3, pp. 133–134, 1997.
[74]
T. T. Tsue, J. W. Bailet, D. W. Barlow, and K. H. Makielski, “Bilateral sinonasal papillomas in aplastic maxillary sinuses,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 263–268, 1997.
[75]
J. Yiotakis, A. Hantzakos, D. Kandiloros, and E. Ferekidis, “A rare location of bilateral inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Rhinology, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 220–222, 2002.
[76]
R. Salomone, C. Matsuyama, O. Giannotti Filho, M. L. De Alvarenga, E. E. M. Neto, and A. G. Chaves, “Bilateral inverted papilloma: case report and literature review,” Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, vol. 74, no. 2, pp. 293–296, 2008.
[77]
K. Rodriguez-Bruno, M. J. Ali, and S. J. Wang, “Iatrogenic bilateral inverted papilloma: case report and literature review,” Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 72–75, 2007.
[78]
S. A. Hosal and J. L. Freeman, “Bilateral lateral rhinotomy for resection of bilateral inverted papilloma,” Otolaryngology, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 103–105, 1996.
[79]
E. Piette, J. M. Harkemanne, and H. Reychler, “Inverted papilloma. A rare diagnosis for the maxillofacial surgeon,” Revue de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 133–138, 1987.
[80]
T. Altug, O. Sunar, and H. Bilgin, “Inverted papilloma. Report of a multicentric case,” Revue de Laryngologie Otologie Rhinologie, vol. 110, no. 3, pp. 299–301, 1989.
[81]
A. Salami, S. Brera, A. Tedeschi et al., “Unusual location of an inverted papilloma,” Parodontologia e Stomatologia, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 299–301, 1985.
[82]
B. D. Jones, “Schneiderian inverted papilloma: report of a case,” Journal of the National Medical Association, vol. 70, no. 11, pp. 801–802, 1978.
[83]
A. Lopatin, V. Bykova, and G. Piskunov, “Choanal polyps: one entity, one surgical approach?” Rhinology, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 79–83, 1997.
[84]
J. W. Xu, “Inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity and parasinus—a clinicopathologic study of 27 cases,” Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi Chinese Journal of Pathology, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 108–110, 1985.
[85]
J. P. Luhn and K. H?rmann, “Inverted papilloma–a pathohistologic and clinical analysis,” HNO, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 167–171, 1987.
[86]
H. J. Roh, G. W. Procop, P. S. Batra, M. J. Citardi, and D. C. Lanza, “Inflammation and the pathogenesis of inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 65–74, 2004.
[87]
J. F. Reger and R. W. Babin, “Comparative aspects of cell fine structure in three cases of inverted, Schneiderian papilloma,” Journal of Submicroscopic Cytology and Pathology, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 329–338, 1989.
[88]
K. Nishikawa, “The histogenesis and malignant transformation of inverted papilloma on the sino-nasal cavity–in comparison with inverted papilloma on the urinary bladder,” Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho, vol. 96, no. 12, pp. 2093–2106, 1993.
[89]
H. Katori, A. Nozawa, and M. Tsukuda, “Histopathological parameters of recurrence and malignant transformation in sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 126, no. 2, pp. 214–218, 2006.
[90]
G. E. Woodson, K. T. Robbins, and L. Michaels, “Inverted papilloma. Considerations in treatment,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 111, no. 12, pp. 806–811, 1985.
[91]
R. Feinmesser, I. Gay, J. M. Wiesel, and H. Ben-Bassat, “Malignant transformation in inverted papilloma,” Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology, vol. 94, no. 1, Part 1, pp. 39–43, 1985.
[92]
W. Lawson and Z. M. Patel, “The evolution of management for inverted papilloma: an analysis of 200 cases,” Otolaryngology, vol. 140, no. 3, pp. 330–335, 2009.
[93]
J. E. Kerschner, N. D. Futran, and V. Chaney, “Inverted papilloma associated with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma: case report and review of the literature,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 257–259, 1996.
[94]
P. M. Som, W. Lawson, and M. W. Lidov, “Simulated aggressive skull base erosion in response to benign sinonasal disease,” Radiology, vol. 180, no. 3, pp. 755–759, 1991.
[95]
A. G. Chiu, A. H. Jackman, M. B. Antunes, M. D. Feldman, and J. N. Palmer, “Radiographic and histologic analysis of the bone underlying inverted papillomas,” Laryngoscope, vol. 116, no. 9, pp. 1617–1620, 2006.
[96]
W. Appel, K. Schulte-Mattler, and D. Uhlenbrock, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses: radiological aspects,” Fortschr R?ntgenstr, vol. 138, no. 3, pp. 322–330, 1983.
[97]
P. Rothfeld, R. Shapiro, A. Lasser, and D. Kent, “Epithelial (Inverted) papilloma: a correlated radiological-histological study,” Clinical Radiology, vol. 28, no. 5, pp. 539–544, 1977.
[98]
J. G. Batsakis, “The pathology of head and neck tumors: nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: part 5,” Head and Neck Surgery, vol. 2, no. 5, pp. 410–419, 1980.
[99]
A. W. Lawton, J. W. Karesh, and W. C. Gray, “Proptosis from maxillary sinus inverted papilloma with malignant transformation,” Archives of Ophthalmology, vol. 104, no. 6, pp. 874–877, 1986.
[100]
V. M. Elner, M. A. Burnstine, M. L. Goodman, and R. K. Dortzbach, “Inverted papillomas that invade the orbit,” Archives of Ophthalmology, vol. 113, no. 9, pp. 1178–1183, 1995.
[101]
J. D. Tajada, M. A. C. del Alamo, P. G. Paraíso, J. L. Pueyo, F. M. García, and J. G. Perún, “Endocranial invasion of inverted papilloma,” Anales Otorrinolaringológicos Ibero-Americanos, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 75–81, 1999.
[102]
E. Vural, J. Y. Suen, and E. Hanna, “Intracranial extension of inverted papilloma: an unusual and potentially fatal complication,” Head & Neck, vol. 21, no. 8, pp. 703–706, 1999.
[103]
M. S. Bajaj and N. Pushker, “Inverted papilloma invading the orbit,” Orbit, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 155–159, 2002.
[104]
V. Visvanathan, H. Wallace, P. Chumas, and Z. G. G. Makura, “An unusual presentation of inverted papilloma: case report and literature review,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 101–104, 2010.
[105]
C. M. Acevedo-Henao, M. Talagas, R. Marianowski, and O. Pradier, “Recurrent inverted papilloma with intracranial and temporal fossa involvement: a case report and review of the literature,” Cancer Radiothérapie, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 202–205, 2010.
[106]
B. M. Lyons, P. J. Donald, J. M. Sykes, and J. E. Boggan, “Craniofacial resection for intracranial inverting papilloma and frontal sinus mucocele,” Skull Base Surgery, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 92–97, 1992.
[107]
Y. Wang, J. Zheng, Y. Hu, G. Li, and Z. Yang, “The nasosinus inverted papilloma with intracranial extension,” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 196–197, 2002.
[108]
P. G. Barbieri, D. Tomenzoli, L. Morassi, R. Festa, and C. Fernicola, “Sino-nasal inverted papilloma and occupational etiology,” Giornale Italiano di Medicina del Lavoro ed Ergonomia, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 422–426, 2005.
[109]
R. R. Orland, A. Rubin, J. E. Terrell, Y. Anzai, M. Bugdaj, and D. C. Lanza, “Sinus inflammation associated with contralateral inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 91–95, 2002.
[110]
P. Sun, X. P. Chen, F. Pei et al., “[Relationship between nasal inverted papilloma and human papillomavirus subtypes],” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 310–313, 2010.
[111]
J. Y. Kim, J. K. Yoon, M. J. Citardi, P. S. Batra, and H. J. Roh, “The prevalence of human papilloma virus infection in sinonasal inverted papilloma specimens classified by histological grade,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 664–669, 2007.
[112]
W. Lawson, N. F. Schlecht, and M. Brandwein-Gensler, “The role of the human papillomavirus in the pathogenesis of Schneiderian inverted papillomas: an analytic overview of the evidence,” Head and Neck Pathology, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 49–59, 2008.
[113]
C. Buchwald, H. Lindeberg, B. L. Pedersen, and M. B. Franzmann, “Human papilloma virus and p53 expression in carcinomas associated with sinonasal papillomas: a danish epidemiological study 1980–1998,” Laryngoscope, vol. 111, no. 6, pp. 1104–1110, 2001.
[114]
Y. Furuta, T. Shinohara, K. Sano et al., “Molecular pathologic study of human papillomavirus infection in inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses,” Laryngoscope, vol. 101, no. 1, Part 1, pp. 79–85, 1991.
[115]
S. M. Caruana, N. Zwiebel, R. Cocker, S. A. McCormick, R. C. Eberle, and P. Lazarus, “p53 alteration and human papilloma virus infection in paranasal sinus cancer,” Cancer, vol. 79, no. 7, pp. 1320–1328, 1997.
[116]
C. L. Sham, D. L. Lee, C. A. van Hasselt, and M. C. Tong, “A case-control study of the risk factors associated with sinonasal inverted papilloma,” The American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. e37–e40, 2009.
[117]
C. L. Sham, D. L. Y. Lee, C. A. Van Hasselt, and M. C. F. Tong, “A case-control study of the risk factors associated with sinonasal inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. e37–e40, 2010.
[118]
T. Deitmer and C. Wiener, “Is there an occupational etiology of inverted papilloma of the nose and sinuses?” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 116, no. 5, pp. 762–765, 1996.
[119]
M. R. Macdonald, K. T. Le, J. Freeman, M. F. Hui, R. K. Cheung, and H. M. Dosch, “A majority of inverted sinonasal papillomas carries Epstein-Barr virus genomes,” Cancer, vol. 75, no. 9, pp. 2307–2312, 1995.
[120]
M. J. Gaffey, H. F. Frierson, L. M. Weiss, C. M. Barber, G. B. Baber, and M. H. Stoler, “Human papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr virus in sinonasal Schneiderian papillomas: an in situ hybridization and polymerase chain reaction study,” American Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol. 106, no. 4, pp. 475–482, 1996.
[121]
J. L. Llorente Pendás, F. Deleyiannis, J. P. Rodrigo et al., “Minimally invasive treatment of the nasal inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 335–341, 2003.
[122]
S. T. Dunn, G. D. Clark, T. C. Cannon, and K. W. Min, “Survey of sinonasal inverted papillomata for Epstein-Barr virus,” Head and Neck, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 98–106, 1997.
[123]
R. S. Weber, E. J. Shillitoe, K. T. Robbins et al., “Prevalence of human papillomavirus in inverted nasal papillomas,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 23–26, 1988.
[124]
K. J. Syrjanen and S. M. Syrjanen, “Histological evidence for the presence of condylomatous epithelial lesions in association with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma,” ORL, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 181–194, 1981.
[125]
K. Syrjanen, S. Syrajanen, and S. Pyrhonen, “Human papilloma virus (HPV) antigens in lesions of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas,” ORL, vol. 44, no. 6, pp. 323–334, 1982.
[126]
M. Strauss and A. B. Jenson, “Human papillomavirus in various lesions of the head and neck,” Otolaryngology, vol. 93, no. 3, pp. 342–346, 1985.
[127]
S. Syrjanen, R. P. Happonen, E. Virolainen, L. Siivonen, and K. Syrjanen, “Detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) structural antigens and DNA types in inverted papillomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 104, no. 3-4, pp. 334–341, 1987.
[128]
P. Dulguerov, M. S. Jacobsen, A. S. Allal, W. Lehmann, and T. Calcaterra, “Nasal and paranasal sinus carcinoma: are we making progress? A series of 220 patients and a systematic review,” Cancer, vol. 92, no. 12, pp. 3012–3029, 2001.
[129]
T. C. Wu, J. M. Trujillo, H. K. Kashima, and P. Mounts, “Association of human papillomavirus with nasal neoplasia,” The Lancet, vol. 341, no. 8844, pp. 522–524, 1993.
[130]
Y. Zhou, M. Hu, and Z. Li, “Human papillomavirus (HPV) and DNA test in inverted papillomas of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses,” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 345–347, 1997.
[131]
H. K. Kashima, T. Kessis, R. H. Hruban, T. C. Wu, S. J. Zinreich, and K. V. Shah, “Human papillomavirus in sinonasal papillomas and squamous cell carcinoma,” Laryngoscope, vol. 102, no. 9, pp. 973–976, 1992.
[132]
K. J. Syrj?nen, “HPV infections in benign and malignant sinonasal lesions,” Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 174–181, 2003.
[133]
E. M. De Villiers, “Papilloma viruses in cancers and papillomas of the aerodigestive tract,” Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 31–36, 1989.
[134]
L. J. Orvidas, J. E. Lewis, K. D. Olsen, and J. S. Weiner, “Intranasal verrucous carcinoma: relationship to inverting papilloma and human papillomavirus,” Laryngoscope, vol. 109, no. 3, pp. 371–375, 1999.
[135]
S. Kirdar, S. Basak, O. Odabasi, F. K. Doger, and G. Erpek, “Human papillomavirus in rare unilateral benign intranasal tumours,” Rhinology, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 349–353, 2009.
[136]
G. Altavilla, A. Staffieri, G. Busatto, A. Canesso, L. Giacomelli, and G. Marioni, “Expression of p53, p16INK4A, pRb, p21WAF1/CIP1, p27KIP1, cyclin D1, Ki-67 and HPV DNA in sinonasal endophytic Schneiderian (inverted) papilloma,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 129, no. 11, pp. 1242–1249, 2009.
[137]
T. Ishibashi, Y. Tsunokawa, S. Matsushima, Y. Nomura, T. Sugimura, and M. Terada, “Presence of human papillomavirus type-6-related sequences in inverted nasal papillomas,” European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, vol. 247, no. 5, pp. 296–299, 1990.
[138]
D. Wang, Y. Li, and K. Sun, “Nasal inverted papilloma and human papilloma virus,” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 118–119, 1998.
[139]
A. Sauter, R. Matharu, K. H?rmann, and R. Naim, “Current advances in the basic research and clinical management of sinonasal inverted papilloma (review),” Oncology reports, vol. 17, no. 3, pp. 495–504, 2007.
[140]
H. Katori, A. Nozawa, and M. Tsukuda, “Markers of malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” European Journal of Surgical Oncology, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 905–911, 2005.
[141]
J. M. Trujillo, T. C. Wu, and P. Mounts, “Characterization of human papillomavirus type 57b: transforming activity and comparative sequence analysis as probes for biological determinants associated with high-risk oncogenic viruses,” Virus Genes, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 165–178, 1996.
[142]
J. Shen, J. E. Tate, C. P. Crum, and M. L. Goodman, “Prevalence of human papillomaviruses (HPV) in benign and malignant tumors of the upper respiratory tract,” Modern Pathology, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 15–20, 1996.
[143]
Z. Zhong, A. Yan, F. Jiang, H. Wei, and X. Jiang, “The study on the relationship between human papillomavirus infection and pathogenesis of nasal inverted papilloma and its malignant transformation,” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 24, no. 5, pp. 209–211, 2010.
[144]
S. S. Lu, J. W. Xu, K. T. Huang, and Q. H. Liao, “Relationship between the biological behavior of nasal cavity or sinonasal inverted papilloma and infection of human papillomavirus,” Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi, vol. 87, no. 19, pp. 1342–1344, 2007.
[145]
L. Alos, S. Moyano, A. Nadal et al., “Human papillomaviruses are identified in a subgroup of sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas with favorable outcome,” Cancer, vol. 115, no. 12, pp. 2701–2709, 2009.
[146]
C. S. Hwang, H. S. Yang, and M. K. Hong, “Detection of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in Sinonasal Inverted Papillomas Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR),” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 363–366, 1998.
[147]
J. C. Beck, K. D. McClatchey, M. M. Lesperance, R. M. Esclamado, T. E. Carey, and C. R. Bradford, “Presence of human papillomavirus predicts recurrence of inverted papilloma,” Otolaryngology, vol. 113, no. 1, pp. 49–55, 1995.
[148]
H. Ogura, K. Fukushima, and S. Watanabe, “A high prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA in recurrent nasal papillomas,” Journal of Medical Microbiology, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 162–166, 1996.
[149]
M. Kraft, D. Simmen, S. Schmid, R. Casas, and M. Pfaltz, “Significance of human papillomaviruses (HPV) in sinonasal papillomas,” Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift, supplement 116, pp. 113S–115S, 2000.
[150]
K. W. Delank, J. Alberty, D. Schr?ter, and E. Eltze, “Diagnosis and treatment modalities of sinunasal inverted papillomas,” Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie, vol. 79, no. 4, pp. 226–232, 2000.
[151]
M. Kraft, D. Simmen, R. Casas, and M. Pfaltz, “Significance of human papillomavirus in sinonasal papillomas,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 115, no. 9, pp. 709–714, 2001.
[152]
J. S. Weiner, D. Sherris, J. Kasperbauer, J. Lewis, H. Li, and D. Persing, “Relationship of human papillomavirus to Schneiderian papillomas,” Laryngoscope, vol. 109, no. 1, pp. 21–26, 1999.
[153]
D. S. Respler, A. Jahn, A. Pater, and M. M. Pater, “Isolation and characterization of papillomavirus DNA from nasal inverting (schneiderian) papillomas,” Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology, vol. 96, no. 2, Part 1, pp. 170–173, 1987.
[154]
A. Pater, H. Gardner, D. S. Respler, A. Jahn, and M. M. Pater, “Isolation and characterization of a variant of human papillomavirus type 11 from a nasal inverting (schneiderian) papilloma,” Journal of Medical Virology, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 149–156, 1988.
[155]
R. L. Byran, I. S. Bevan, J. Crocker, and L. S. Young, “Detection of HPV 6 and 11 in tumours of the upper respiratory tract using the polymerase chain reaction,” Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 177–180, 1990.
[156]
R. Judd, S. R. Zaki, L. M. Coffield, and B. L. Evatt, “Sinonasal papillomas and human papillomavirus: human papillomavirus 11 detected in fungiform schneiderian papillomas by in situ hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction,” Human Pathology, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 550–556, 1991.
[157]
Y. Furuta, Y. Inuyama, and K. Nagashima, “Detection of human papillomavirus genome in nasolaryngeal papillomas using digoxigenin labeled DNA probes,” Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho, vol. 92, no. 12, pp. 2055–2063, 1989.
[158]
M. Brandwein, B. Steinberg, S. Thung, H. Biller, T. Dilorenzo, and R. Galli, “Human papillomavirus 6/11 and 16/18 in Schneiderian inverted papillomas. In situ hybridization with human papillomavirus RNA probes,” Cancer, vol. 63, no. 9, pp. 1708–1713, 1989.
[159]
S. S. Lu, R. Zou, and J. W. Xu, “[Relationship between prognosis of nasal inverted papilloma and human papillomavirus types],” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 195–198, 2005.
[160]
Y. Furuta, “Molecular pathologic study of human papillomavirus infection in inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses,” The Hokkaido Journal of Medical Science, vol. 65, no. 6, pp. 568–582, 1990.
[161]
J. C. Beck, K. D. McClatchey, M. M. Lesperance, R. M. Esclamado, T. E. Carey, and C. R. Bradford, “Human papillomavirus types important in progression of inverted papilloma,” Otolaryngology, vol. 113, no. 5, pp. 558–563, 1995.
[162]
H. S. Bernauer, H. J. Welkoborsky, A. Tilling, R. G. Amedee, and W. J. Mann, “Inverted papillomas of the paranasal sinuses and the nasal cavity: dma indices and hpv infection,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 155–160, 1997.
[163]
M. O. Harris, J. C. Beck, W. Lancaster, L. Gregoire, T. E. Carey, and C. R. Bradford, “The HPV 6 E6/E7 transforming genes are expressed in inverted papilloma,” Otolaryngology, vol. 118, no. 3, Part 1, pp. 312–318, 1998.
[164]
M. Hoffmann, N. Klose, S. Gottschlich et al., “Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in benign and malignant sinonasal neoplasms,” Cancer Letters, vol. 239, no. 1, pp. 64–70, 2006.
[165]
Y. F. Guan, C. Zang, and C. Zhang, “[Study on correlation between HPV57 infection and the etiology of IP],” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 20, no. 20, pp. 922–927, 2006.
[166]
E. M. De Villiers, A. Hirsch-Behnam, C. Von Knebel-Doeberitz, C. Neumann, and H. Zur Hausen, “Two newly identified human papillomavirus types (HPV 40 and 57) isolated from mucosal lesions,” Virology, vol. 171, no. 1, pp. 248–253, 1989.
[167]
J. Califano, W. Koch, D. Sidransky, and W. H. Westra, “Inverted sinonasal papilloma: a molecular genetic appraisal of its putative status as a precursor to squamous cell carcinoma,” American Journal of Pathology, vol. 156, no. 1, pp. 333–337, 2000.
[168]
J. K. Stephen, L. E. Vaught, K. M. Chen et al., “Epigenetic events underlie the pathogenesis of sinonasal papillomas,” Modern Pathology, vol. 20, no. 10, pp. 1019–1027, 2007.
[169]
Y. Tsuruta, “Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content in paraffin-embedded tissue in head and neck cancer–evaluation of malignant potential and carcinogenic process of nasoparanasal tumor,” Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho, vol. 94, no. 4, pp. 561–576, 1991.
[170]
C. Guichard, L. Gilain, I. A. Al Samad et al., “Epithelial cell proliferation, apoptosis, and apoptosis inhibition in inverted papillomas,” Laryngoscope, vol. 108, no. 5, pp. 716–720, 1998.
[171]
N. Mirza, Y. C. Nofsinger, H. Kroger, Y. Sato, E. E. Furth, and K. T. Montone, “Apoptosis and P53 in inverting papilloma of the sinonasal tract,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 427–434, 1999.
[172]
H. Kong, X. Sun, X. Wu, Q. Guan, and C. Zou, “The significance and expression of EGF and its receptor in nasal inverted papillomas and the correlation with malignant phenotype,” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 193–197, 2005.
[173]
J. Li, B. Wang, and L. Guo, “[Expressions and significances of EGFR, C-erbB2 and Ki-67 in nasal squamous cell carcinomas],” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 21, no. 11, pp. 501–506, 2007.
[174]
J. C. Chao and S. Y. Fang, “Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor in the inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma of nasal cavity,” European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, vol. 265, no. 8, pp. 917–922, 2008.
[175]
A. Affolter, S. Helmbrecht, S. Finger, K. H?rmann, and K. G?tte, “Altered expression of cell cycle regulators p21, p27, and p53 in tumors of salivary glands and paranasal sinuses,” Oncology reports, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1089–1094, 2005.
[176]
T. Hadar, J. Shvero, E. Yaniv, I. Shvili, M. Leabu, and R. Koren, “Human topoisomerase II-α is highly expressed in sinonasal-inverted papilloma, but not in inflammatory polyp,” Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, vol. 12, no. 5A, pp. 1551–1558, 2008.
[177]
L. De Gabory, C. Deminière, and D. Stoll, “Immunohistochemistry expression of 3 markers (CEA, UEA-I and Ki-67) in nasal inverted papillomas,” Revue de Laryngologie Otologie Rhinologie, vol. 129, no. 3, pp. 159–165, 2008.
[178]
S. Robinson, L. W. Tan, C. James, A. Karakousis, and P. J. Wormald, “Do nasal polyps and inverted papilloma have similar disorders in cell cycle regulation?” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 637–640, 2006.
[179]
H. Katori, A. Nozawa, and M. Tsukuda, “Relationship between p21 and p53 Expression, human papilloma virus infection and malignant transformation in sinonasal-inverted papilloma,” Clinical Oncology, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 300–305, 2006.
[180]
C. Gujrathi, I. Pathak, J. Freeman, and S. Asa, “Expression of p53 in inverted papilloma and malignancy associated with inverted papilloma,” Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 48–50, 2003.
[181]
R. R. Ingle, G. Setzen, P. J. Koltai, D. Monte, J. Pastore, and T. A. Jennings, “p53 protein expression in benign lesions of the upper respiratory tract,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 123, no. 3, pp. 297–300, 1997.
[182]
S. Y. Fang, J. J. Yan, and M. Ohyama, “Assessment of p53 protein expression in normal mucose and benign and malignant lesions of the nasal cavity,” Oncology, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 168–173, 1998.
[183]
N. Mirza, K. Montone, Y. Sato, H. Kroger, and D. W. Kennedy, “Identification of p53 and human papilloma virus in Schneiderian papillomas,” Laryngoscope, vol. 108, no. 4, Part 1, pp. 497–501, 1998.
[184]
S. Y. Fang, J. J. Yan, and M. Ohyama, “Immunohistochemistry of p53 in sinonasal inverted papilloma and associated squamous cell carcinoma,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 119–124, 1998.
[185]
M. B. Franzmann, C. Buchwald, G. K. Jacobsen, and H. Lindeberg, “Expression of p53 in normal nasal mucosa and in sinonasal papillomas with and without associated carcinoma and the relation to human papillomavirus (HPV),” Cancer Letters, vol. 128, no. 2, pp. 161–164, 1998.
[186]
D. Zhu, S. Wang, and W. Wang, “Expression of ras, p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen in squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary sinus and their significance,” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 94–96, 1998.
[187]
M. J. Schwerer, A. Sailer, K. Kraft, K. Baczako, and H. Maier, “Differentiation-related p53 protein expression in nondysplastic sinonasal inverted papillomas,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 347–351, 2001.
[188]
G. K. Fan, M. Imanaka, B. Yang, and H. Takenaka, “Characteristics of nasal inverted papilloma and its malignant transformation: a study of cell proliferation and programmed cell death,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 360–363, 2006.
[189]
S. Gunia, D. Liebe, and S. Koch, “Loss of basal cell keratin 14 reflects increased risk of recurrence in surgically resected sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 707–712, 2008.
[190]
M. Bura, S. Seiwerth, I. Vladika et al., “Possible prognostic significance of P53 and Ki 67 in inverted sinonasal papilloma,” Collegium Antropologicum, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 545–549, 2007.
[191]
G. Altavilla, A. Staffieri, G. Busatto, A. Canesso, L. Giacomelli, and G. Marioni, “Expression of p53, p16INK4A, pRb, p21WAF1/CIP1, p27KIP1, cyclin D1, Ki-67 and HPV DNA in sinonasal endophytic Schneiderian (inverted) papilloma,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 129, no. 11, pp. 1242–1249, 2009.
[192]
K. Ikegawa and S. Matsukuma, “Immunohistochemical study of p53 and Ki-67 in inverted papillomas and nasal polyps arising from nasal or paranasal regions,” Rinsho Byori, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 499–503, 2005.
[193]
H. Katori, A. Nozawa, and M. Tsukuda, “Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and apoptosis inhibition in malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 127, no. 5, pp. 540–546, 2007.
[194]
M. Egan, J. N. Newman, P. J. Crocker, M. Wake, and P. Nar, “Ectopic production of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin by inverted papilloma of the nose,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 102, no. 1, pp. 29–32, 1988.
[195]
P. K. Plinkert, P. Ruck, I. Baumann, and B. Scheffler, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses: diagnosis, operative procedure, and analysis of the cytokeratin profile,” Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie, vol. 76, no. 4, pp. 216–224, 1997.
[196]
M. J. Schwerer, K. Kraft, K. Baczako, and H. Maier, “Coexpression of cytokeratins typical for columnar and squamous differentiation in sinonasal inverted papillomas,” American Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol. 115, no. 5, pp. 747–754, 2001.
[197]
S. Y. Fang, Y. T. Jin, and M. Ohyama, “Lectin immunohistochemistry study of nasal inverted papilloma and associated neoplasms,” Anticancer Research A, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 3691–3696, 1997.
[198]
R. Ingle, T. A. Jennings, M. L. Goodman, B. Z. Pilch, S. Bergman, and J. S. Ross, “CD44 expression in sinonasal inverted papillomas and associated squamous cell carcinoma,” American Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol. 109, no. 3, pp. 309–314, 1998.
[199]
S. Y. Fang and M. Ohyama, “Assessment of cell surface glycoconjugates in normal, benign and malignant human nasal mucosa,” Rhinology, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 166–170, 1997.
[200]
N. Kele?, B. Erdamar, A. Kaur, and K. De?er, “p21, p53, and p27 Kip1 alterations in benign and malignant tumors of sinonasal epithelium,” Otolaryngology, vol. 129, no. 1, pp. 77–84, 2003.
[201]
M. Saegusa, H. Nitta, M. Hashimura, and I. Okayasu, “Down-regulation of p27(Kip1) expression is correlated with increased cell proliferation but not expression of p21(waf1) and p53, and human papillomavirus infection in benign and malignant tumours of sinonasal regions,” Histopathology, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 55–64, 1999.
[202]
M. J. Schwerer, A. Sailer, K. Kraft, and H. Maier, “Cell proliferation and p27Kip1 expression in endophytic schneiderian papillomas,” Laryngoscope, vol. 112, no. 5, pp. 852–857, 2002.
[203]
J. B. Wang and Y. Wang, “Expression of cell cycle regulators in squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary sinus and their significance,” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 38, no. 6, pp. 471–475, 2003.
[204]
M. J. Schwerer, A. Sailer, K. Kraft, K. Baczako, and H. Maier, “Patterns of p21waf1/cip1 expression in non-papillomatous nasal mucosa, endophytic sinonasal papillomas, and associated carcinomas,” Journal of Clinical Pathology, vol. 54, no. 11, pp. 871–876, 2001.
[205]
R. Yasumatsu, T. Nakashima, Y. Kuratomi et al., “Serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen is a useful biologic marker in patients with inverted papillomas of the sinonasal tract,” Cancer, vol. 94, no. 1, pp. 152–158, 2002.
[206]
K. Yamazaki, Y. Furuta, K. Marukawa et al., “Inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity presenting with massive amounts of squamous metaplastic cells in sputum: a case report,” Acta Cytologica, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 596–600, 2002.
[207]
R. Yasumatsu, T. Nakashima, M. Masuda et al., “Clinical value of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen in the management of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Head and Neck, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 44–48, 2005.
[208]
W. Zhao, D. Zhang, H. Zhang, and S. Dong Ye, “The relationship between tumor angiogenesis and cellular proliferation activity in nasal inverted papilloma,” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 460–462, 2004.
[209]
S. Mumbuc, M. Karakok, T. Baglam, E. Karatas, C. Durucu, and Y. Kibar, “Immunohistochemical analysis of PCNA, Ki67 and p53 in nasal polyposis and sinonasal inverted papillomas,” Journal of International Medical Research, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 237–241, 2007.
[210]
W. Lawson, J. Le Benger, P. Som, P. J. Bernard, and H. F. Biller, “Inverted papilloma: an analysis of 87 cases,” Laryngoscope, vol. 99, no. 11, pp. 1117–1124, 1989.
[211]
K. Segal, E. Atar, C. Mor, G. Har-El, and J. Sidi, “Inverting papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Laryngoscope, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 394–398, 1986.
[212]
P. Bonfils, D. Brasnu, M. Menard, F. Jaubert, and H. Laccourreye, “Tumors of the nasal fossa. Retrospective study about 67 cases,” Annales d'Oto-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, vol. 106, no. 4, pp. 225–231, 1989.
[213]
C. Pianelli, M. Radici, A. Camaioni, and L. De Campora, “Inverted papilloma. Modality of treatment,” Acta otorhinolaryngologica Italica, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 339–346, 1996.
[214]
W. Garavello and R. M. Gaini, “Histopathology of routine nasal polypectomy specimens: a review of 2,147 cases,” Laryngoscope, vol. 115, no. 10 I, pp. 1866–1868, 2005.
[215]
W. Garavello and R. M. Gaini, “Incidence of inverted papilloma in recurrent nasal polyposis,” Laryngoscope, vol. 116, no. 2, pp. 221–223, 2006.
[216]
L. Panchal, P. Vaideeswar, D. Kathpal, C. V. Madiwale, and D. P. Prabhat, “Sino-nasal epithelial tumours: a pathological study of 69 cases,” Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 30–35, 2005.
[217]
C. Buchwald, L. H. Nielsen, P. L. Nielsen, P. Ahlgren, and M. Tos, “Inverted papilloma: a follow-up study including primarily unacknowledged cases,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 273–281, 1989.
[218]
L. H. Nielsen, C. Buchwald, P. L. Nielsen, and M. Tos, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and nasal sinuses. Incidence, long-term course, therapeutic results,” Ugeskrift for laeger, vol. 152, no. 7, pp. 479–482, 1990.
[219]
K. E. Outzen, A. Gr?ntveld, K. J?rgensen, P. P. Clausen, and C. Ladefoged, “Inverted papilloma: incidence and late results of surgical treatment,” Rhinology, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 114–118, 1996.
[220]
D. Jurkiewicz, A. Syry?o, A. Chomicki, and R. Koktysz, “Endoscopic surgery in treatment of inverted papilloma nose et paranasal sinuses in the older patient,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 61, no. 2, pp. 198–202, 2007.
[221]
D. Jurkiewicz, A. Syry?o, A. Chomicki, and R. Koktysz, “Endoscopic sinus surgery in a 102-year-old woman with inverted papilloma,” Otolaryngology, vol. 138, no. 4, pp. 537–539, 2008.
[222]
C. Ozcan, K. Gorur, and D. Talas, “Recurrent inverted papilloma of a pediatric patient: clinico-radiological considerations,” International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, vol. 69, no. 6, pp. 861–864, 2005.
[223]
H. Ngo and T. L. Tewfik, “Inverted papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses in children,” Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 244–246, 1987.
[224]
M. S. Cooter, S. A. Charlton, D. Lafreniere, and J. Spiro, “Endoscopic management of an inverted nasal papilloma in a child,” Otolaryngology, vol. 118, no. 6, pp. 876–879, 1998.
[225]
M. M. Lesperance and R. M. Esclamado, “Squamous cell carcinoma arising in inverted papilloma,” Laryngoscope, vol. 105, no. 2, pp. 178–183, 1995.
[226]
C. Buchwald, M. B. Franzmann, and M. Tos, “Sinonasal papillomas: a report of 82 cases in Copenhagen county, including a longitudinal epidemiological and clinical study,” Laryngoscope, vol. 105, no. 1, pp. 72–79, 1995.
[227]
M. Bura, I. Vladika, G. Aralica et al., “Inverted sinonasal papilloma—a report of 31 cases and review of the literature,” Collegium Antropologicum, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 271–278, 2003.
[228]
S. Bhandary, R. K. Singh, S. Shrestha, A. K. Sinha, B. P. Badhu, and P. Karki, “Sinonasal inverted papilloma in eastern part of Nepal,” Kathmandu University Medical Journal, vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 431–435, 2006.
[229]
A. P. Limaye, N. Mirani, J. Kwartler, and S. Raz, “Inverted schneiderian papilloma of the sinonasal tract in children,” Pediatric Pathology, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 583–590, 1989.
[230]
W. Banhiran and R. R. Casiano, “Endoscopic sinus surgery for benign and malignant nasal and sinus neoplasm,” Current Opinion in Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 50–54, 2005.
[231]
K. Dellagi, C. Micheau, P. Marandas, and B. Negrier, “Naso-sinus inverted papilloma,” Bulletin du Cancer, vol. 73, no. 5, pp. 513–525, 1986.
[232]
O. Smith and P. J. Gullane, “Inverting papilloma of the nose: analysis of 48 patients,” Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 154–156, 1987.
[233]
W. M. Mendenhall, R. W. Hinerman, R. S. Malyapa et al., “Inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses,” American Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 560–563, 2007.
[234]
C. T. Melroy and B. A. Senior, “Benign sinonasal neoplasms: a focus on inverting papilloma,” Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 601–617, 2006.
[235]
P. P. Phillips, R. O. Gustafson, and G. W. Facer, “The clinical behavior of inverting papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses: report of 112 cases and review of the literature,” Laryngoscope, vol. 100, no. 5, pp. 463–469, 1990.
[236]
J. Klozar, J. Betka, and J. Kulhánková, “Inverted papillomas,” Sbornik Lekarsky, vol. 91, no. 6, pp. 177–185, 1989.
[237]
A. L. H. Moss, “Inverted papilloma of the nose: an unusual cause of a medial canthal mass,” British Journal of Plastic Surgery, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 254–257, 1983.
[238]
O. Zagólski, J. Kulisiewicz, and R. Drazek, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 413–415, 1999.
[239]
R. T. Jackson, G. S. Fitz-Hugh, and W. C. Constable, “Malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses: (a retrospective study),” Laryngoscope, vol. 87, no. 5, Part 1, pp. 726–736, 1977.
[240]
A. S. Ketcham and J. M. Van Buren, “Tumors of the paranasal sinuses: a therapeutic challenge,” The American Journal of Surgery, vol. 150, no. 4, pp. 406–413, 1985.
[241]
G. Cantù, G. Bimbi, R. Miceli et al., “Lymph node metastases in malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses: prognostic value and treatment,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 134, no. 2, pp. 170–177, 2008.
[242]
L. L. Myers, B. Nussenbaum, C. R. Bradford, T. N. Teknos, R. M. Esclamado, and G. T. Wolf, “Paranasal sinus malignancies: an 18-year single institution experience,” Laryngoscope, vol. 112, no. 11, pp. 1964–1969, 2002.
[243]
O. Guntinas-Lichius, M. P. Kreppel, H. Stuetzer, R. Semrau, H. E. Eckel, and R. P. Mueller, “Single modality and multimodality treatment of nasal and paranasal sinuses cancer: a single institution experience of 229 patients,” European Journal of Surgical Oncology, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 222–228, 2007.
[244]
A. I. Blanco, K. S. C. Chao, G. Ozyigit et al., “Carcinoma of paranasal sinuses: long-term outcomes with radiotherapy,” International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, vol. 59, no. 1, pp. 51–58, 2004.
[245]
G. Harbo, C. Grau, T. Bundgaard et al., “Cancer of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. A clinico-pathological study of 277 patients,” Acta Oncologica, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 45–50, 1997.
[246]
L. Gilain, X. Planquart, G. Le Lièvre, J. Gamain, A. Coste, and R. Peynègre, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Retrospective study of 18 cases,” Annales d'Oto-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, vol. 109, no. 8, pp. 402–408, 1992.
[247]
E. Verhaert, W. Ampe, M. Depondt, G. D'Hondt, and R. Kuhweide, “Medial maxillectomy in transitional papilloma,” Acta Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica Belgica, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 273–278, 1992.
[248]
V. Luceno, “[Naso-sinusal inverse papilloma: a case report],” Revue De Laryngologie—Otologie—Rhinologie, vol. 120, no. 2, pp. 103–109, 1999.
[249]
T. Rosales, M. Llatas, M. Domingo, M. J. Ramírez, and R. Martínez, “Unilateral polyposis: evaluation of preoperative tests,” Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 156–160, 2002.
[250]
J. R. A. García, A. D. Fernández, N. R. Fontestad et al., “Inverted papilloma of paranasal sinuses. Our experience of 15 cases. Review of literature,” Anales Otorrinolaringologicos Ibero-Americanos, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 137–149, 2003.
[251]
S. Tritt, K. C. McMains, and S. E. Kountakis, “Unilateral nasal polyposis: clinical presentation and pathology,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 230–232, 2008.
[252]
J. Manasterski and M. Leszczyńska, “A case of inverted papilloma of the nose and sinuses,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 107–109, 2002.
[253]
R. E. Rakel, Textbook of Family Medicine, Saunders, 7th edition, 2007.
[254]
Z. Tao, Q. Hua, and Z. Ma, “Tumours of the nose and sinuses presented as nasal polyp,” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 19–20, 1997.
[255]
A. S. Lopatin, V. P. Bykova, and M. V. Artsybasheva, “Choanal polyps: principles of current diagnosis and treatment,” Vestnik Otorinolaringologii, no. 1, pp. 8–12, 1997.
[256]
A. J. M. Balm, F. J. M. Hilgers, I. B. Tan, and J. L. Peterse, “An innocuous protracted unilateral nasal congestion?” Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Geneeskunde, vol. 141, no. 41, pp. 1953–1956, 1997.
[257]
P. W. C. W. Flint, E. Schuller, J. Thomas, and K. T. Robbins, Cummings Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, Mosby, St. Louis, Mo, USA, 4th edition, 2004.
[258]
S. Thawley, W. R. Panje, and J. G. Batsakis, Comprehensive Management of Head and Neck Tumors, Saunders, Philadelphia, Pa, USA, 2nd edition, 1999.
[259]
J. Ginsberg, G. B. Polanco, H. N. Margolin, and H. Pescovitz, “Malignant inverted papilloma characterized by proptosis,” American Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 82, no. 1, pp. 129–135, 1976.
[260]
Z. A. Karcioglu, R. E. Wesley, K. C. Greenidge, and C. D. McCord, “Proptosis and pseudocyst formation from inverted papilloma,” Annals of Ophthalmology, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 443–448, 1982.
[261]
R. E. Fechner and R. B. Sessions, “Inverted papilloma of the lacrimal sac, the paranasal sinuses and the cervical region,” Cancer, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 2303–2308, 1977.
[262]
I. M. Peterson and C. Heim, “Inverted squamous papilloma with neuro-ophthalmic features,” Journal of Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 35–38, 1991.
[263]
I. A. Chaudhry, K. Taiba, Y. Al-Sadhan, and F. C. Riley, “Inverted papilloma invading the orbit through the nasolacrimal duct: a case report,” Orbit, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 135–139, 2005.
[264]
B. Mia?kiewicz, M. ?ukomski, K. Starska, and M. Józefowicz-Korczyńska, “Ocular and orbital symptoms in benign sinonasal neopasmas,” Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski, vol. 20, no. 116, pp. 184–187, 2006.
[265]
M. E. Jones, P. A. Wackym, N. Said-Al-Naief et al., “Clinical and molecular pathology of aggressive Schneiderian papilloma involving the temporal bone,” Head & Neck, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 83–88, 1998.
[266]
K. M. Granet, S. R. Movva, and J. Jaeger, “Inverting papilloma presenting with meningitis,” The Laryngoscope, vol. 106, no. 6, p. 688, 1996.
[267]
D. Assimakopoulos, M. Bai, Y. Kastanioudakis, K. Ikonomou, and A. Skevas, “Inverted papilloma of the nose. Apropos of a case associating polyps and an inverted papilloma of the nose,” Revue de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, vol. 93, no. 5, pp. 324–326, 1992.
[268]
P. D. Hempenstall and N. W. Savage, “Inverted papilloma of the maxillary sinus: an unusual cause of a non-healing extraction socket. Case report,” Australian dental journal, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 241–244, 1990.
[269]
F. R. Romano, R. L. Voegels, E. Y. Goto, F. A. P. Prado, and O. Butugan, “Nasal contact endoscopy for the in vivo diagnosis of inverted schneiderian papilloma and unilateral inflammatory nasal polyps,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 137–144, 2007.
[270]
F. A. P. Prado, R. Weber, F. R. Romano, and R. L. Voegels, “Evaluation of inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma by nasal contact endoscopy,” American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 210–214, 2010.
[271]
V. E. Gould, F. Manosca, V. B. Reddy, and P. Gattuso, “Cytologic-histologic correlations in the diagnosis of inverted sinonasal papilloma,” Diagnostic Cytopathology, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 201–207, 2004.
[272]
G. Ondzotto, J. B. Nkoua-Mbon, J. F. Peko, and J. Galiba, “Inverted naso-sinusal papilloma: analytic study on 13 cases,” Revue de Laryngologie Otologie Rhinologie, vol. 126, no. 2, pp. 115–120, 2005.
[273]
R. P. Tufano, E. R. Thaler, D. C. Lanza, A. N. Goldberg, and D. W. Kennedy, “Endoscopic management of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 423–426, 1999.
[274]
C. S. Head, J. A. Sercarz, Q. Luu, J. Collins, and K. E. Blackwell, “Radiographic assessment of inverted papilloma,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 127, no. 5, pp. 515–520, 2007.
[275]
F. Song, W. Fan, and Q. Zhang, “CT diagnosis of maxillary sinus diseases,” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 213–215, 1997.
[276]
R. Maroldi, D. Farina, L. Palvarini, D. Lombardi, D. Tomenzoli, and P. Nicolai, “Magnetic resonance imaging findings of inverted papilloma: differential diagnosis with malignant sinonasal tumors,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 305–310, 2004.
[277]
S. Das and C. F. Kirsch, “Imaging of lumps and bumps in the nose: a review of sinonasal tumours,” Cancer Imaging, vol. 5, pp. 167–177, 2005.
[278]
L. A. Loevner and A. I. Sonners, “Imaging of neoplasms of the paranasal sinuses,” Neuroimaging Clinics of North America, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 625–646, 2004.
[279]
P. D. Karkos, L. C. Khoo, S. C. Leong, H. Lewis-Jones, and A. C. Swift, “Computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance imaging for pre-operative planning for inverted nasal papilloma: review of evidence,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 123, no. 7, pp. 705–709, 2009.
[280]
P. J. Dubois, J. C. Schultz, R. L. Perrin, and K. J. Dastur, “Tomography in expansile lesions of the nasal and paranasal sinuses,” Radiology, vol. 125, no. 1, pp. 149–158, 1977.
[281]
T. C. Calcaterra, J. W. Thompson, and D. E. Paglia, “Inverting papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Laryngoscope, vol. 90, no. 1, pp. 53–60, 1980.
[282]
V. Palomar, J. Soteras, P. Melgarejo, J. C. Fortuny, A. Ruiz, and C. Margalejo, “Inverted papillomas of the nasal sinuses,” Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 111–114, 1995.
[283]
M. A. Sukenik and R. Casiano, “Endoscopic medial maxillectomy for inverted papillomas of the paranasal sinuses: value of the intraoperative endoscopic examination,” Laryngoscope, vol. 110, no. 1, pp. 39–42, 2000.
[284]
L. Savy, G. Lloyd, V. J. Lund, and D. Howard, “Optimum imaging for inverted papilloma,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 114, no. 11, pp. 891–893, 2000.
[285]
E. N. Myers, J. L. Fernau, J. T. Johnson, J. C. Tabet, and E. L. Barnes, “Management of inverted papilloma,” Laryngoscope, vol. 100, no. 5, pp. 481–490, 1990.
[286]
H. H. Unlu, M. Songu, G. Y. Ovali, and N. Nese, “Inverted papilloma with new bone formation: report of three cases,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 607–610, 2007.
[287]
W. W. Woodruff and D. P. Vrabec, “Inverted papilloma of the nasal vault and paranasal sinuses: spectrum of CT findings,” American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 162, no. 2, pp. 419–423, 1994.
[288]
P. Bourjat and J. J. Braun, “[Polyps and polyposis of the paranasal sinuses],” Journal of Radiology, vol. 80, no. 12 Supplement, pp. 1788–1794, 1999.
[289]
A. K. Momeni, C. C. Roberts, and F. S. Chew, “Imaging of chronic and exotic sinonasal disease: review,” American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 189, no. 6, Supplement, pp. S35–S45, 2007.
[290]
C. M. Chen, Y. L. Tsai, C. C. Chang, H. C. Chen, and M. K. Chen, “Is planned surgery important in sinonasal inverted papilloma?” B-ENT, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 225–231, 2009.
[291]
G. Lehnerdt, J. Weber, and P. Dost, “Unilateral opacification of the paranasal sinuses in CT or MRI often indicates an uncommen histological result,” Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie, vol. 80, no. 3, pp. 141–145, 2001.
[292]
D. K. Lee, S. K. Chung, H. J. Dhong, H. Y. Kim, H. J. Kim, and K. H. Bok, “Focal hyperostosis on CT of sinonasal inverted papilloma as a predictor of tumor origin,” American Journal of Neuroradiology, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 618–621, 2007.
[293]
K. Yousuf and E. D. Wright, “Site of attachment of inverted papilloma predicted by CT findings of osteitis,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 32–36, 2007.
[294]
J. Ye, W. S. Zhou, H. Q. Jiang, M. J. Wang, and J. Zhang, “Diagnostic value of osseous diversity on CT to sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 141–144, 2009.
[295]
R. K. Bhalla and E. D. Wright, “Predicting the site of attachment of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Rhinology, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 345–348, 2009.
[296]
J. Iimura, N. Otori, A. Hatano, and H. Moriyama, “Importance of tumor origin determination in selecting suitable surgery for treating inverted maxillary sinus papillomas,” Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho, vol. 112, no. 12, pp. 783–790, 2009.
[297]
V. J. Lund and G. A. S. Lloyd, “Radiological changes associated with inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” British Journal of Radiology, vol. 57, no. 678, pp. 455–461, 1984.
[298]
C. Buchwald, L. H. Nielsen, P. Ahlgren, P. L. Nielsen, and M. Tos, “Radiologic aspects of inverted papilloma,” European Journal of Radiology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 134–139, 1990.
[299]
C. L. Sham, A. D. King, A. Van Hasselt, and M. C. F. Tong, “The roles and limitations of computed tomography in the preoperative assessment of sinonasal inverted papillomas,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 144–150, 2008.
[300]
R. E. Mosesson and P. M. Som, “The radiographic evaluation of sinonasal tumors: an overview,” Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1097–1115, 1995.
[301]
D. M. Yousem, D. W. Fellows, D. W. Kennedy, W. E. Bolger, H. Kashima, and S. J. Zinreich, “Inverted papilloma: evaluation with MR imaging,” Radiology, vol. 185, no. 2, pp. 501–505, 1992.
[302]
K. Oikawa, Y. Furuta, N. Oridate et al., “Preoperative staging of sinonasal inverted papilloma by magnetic resonance imaging,” Laryngoscope, vol. 113, no. 11, pp. 1983–1987, 2003.
[303]
J. Iimura, N. Otori, H. Ojiri, and H. Moriyama, “Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging for localization of the origin of maxillary sinus inverted papillomas,” Auris Nasus Larynx, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 416–421, 2009.
[304]
P. Petit, L. Vivarrat-Perrin, P. Champsaur et al., “Radiological follow-up of inverted papilloma,” European Radiology, vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 1184–1189, 2000.
[305]
K. Oikawa, Y. Furuta, Y. Nakamaru, N. Oridate, and S. Fukuda, “Preoperative staging and surgical approaches for sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology, vol. 116, no. 9, pp. 674–680, 2007.
[306]
C. A. Roobottom, F. M. Jewell, and J. Kabala, “Primary and recurrent inverting papilloma: appearances magnetic resonance imaging,” Clinical Radiology, vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 472–475, 1995.
[307]
P. H. Lai, C. F. Yang, H. B. Pan et al., “Recurrent inverted papilloma: diagnosis with pharmacokinetic dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR imaging,” American Journal of Neuroradiology, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 1445–1451, 1999.
[308]
J. M. Fernández, F. Santaolalla, A. Del Rey, A. Martínez-Ibargüen, A. González, and M. Iriarte, “Preliminary study of the lymphatic drainage system of the nose and paranasal sinuses and its role in detection of sentinel metastatic nodes,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 125, no. 5, pp. 566–570, 2005.
[309]
H. Ojiri, M. U. Shimpe, and T. K. Fukuda, “Potentially distinctive features of sinonasal inverted papilloma on MR imaging,” American Journal of Roentgenology, vol. 175, no. 2, pp. 465–468, 2000.
[310]
T. Y. Jeon, H. J. Kim, S. K. Chung et al., “Sinonasal inverted papilloma: value of convoluted cerebriform pattern on MR imaging,” American Journal of Neuroradiology, vol. 29, no. 8, pp. 1556–1560, 2008.
[311]
Y. Miyazaki, K. Ikeda, Y. Uemura, M. Maehara, N. Ohmura, and S. Sawada, “Non-necrotic invasive squamous cell carcinoma associated with an inverted papilloma: MRI features,” Radiation Medicine, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 143–146, 2006.
[312]
H. Shojaku, M. Fujisaka, S. Yasumura et al., “Positron emission tomography for predicting malignancy of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Clinical Nuclear Medicine, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 275–278, 2007.
[313]
T. Y. Jeon, H. J. Kim, J. Y. Choi et al., “18F-FDG PET/CT findings of sinonasal inverted papilloma with or without coexistent malignancy: comparison with MR imaging findings in eight patients,” Neuroradiology, vol. 51, no. 4, pp. 265–271, 2009.
[314]
K. W. Lee, W. R. Kuo, C. C. Tsai et al., “Positive positron emission tomography/computed tomography in early inverted papilloma of the maxillary sinus,” Journal of Clinical Oncology, vol. 25, no. 30, pp. 4848–4850, 2007.
[315]
E. Allegra, N. Lombardo, G. Cascini, A. La Boria, A. Garozzo, and O. Tamburrini, “Possible role of 18FDG-PET/CT for the surveillance of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Clinical Otolaryngology, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 249–251, 2010.
[316]
D. S. Sethi, “Isolated sphenoid lesions: diagnosis and management,” Otolaryngology, vol. 120, no. 5, pp. 730–736, 1999.
[317]
V. J. Lund, “Optimum management of inverted papilloma,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 114, no. 3, pp. 194–197, 2000.
[318]
J. C. Durham, “Case for diagnosis. Sinonasal papilloma, inverted type,” Military Medicine, vol. 154, no. 5, pp. 271–275, 1989.
[319]
G. A. Sisson, D. M. Toriumi, and R. A. Atiyah, “Paranasal sinus malignancy: a comprehensive update,” Laryngoscope, vol. 99, no. 2, pp. 143–150, 1989.
[320]
J. K. Han, T. L. Smith, T. Loehrl, R. J. Toohill, and M. M. Smith, “An evolution in the management of sinonasal inverting papilloma,” Laryngoscope, vol. 111, no. 8, pp. 1395–1400, 2001.
[321]
F. L. Greene, DLP, I. D. Fleming et al., AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) Cancer Staging Manual, Springer, New York, NY, USA, 6th edition, 2002.
[322]
D. Schneider, “A new staging for the inverting papilloma of the paranasal sinuses,” Laryngologie Rhinologie Otologie, vol. 55, no. 11, pp. 894–896, 1976.
[323]
E. M. Skolnik, A. Loewy, and J. E. Friedman, “Inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 84, no. 1, pp. 61–67, 1966.
[324]
J. H. Krouse, “Endoscopic treatment of inverted papilloma: safety and efficacy,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 87–99, 2001.
[325]
J. H. Krouse, “Development of a staging system for inverted papilloma,” Laryngoscope, vol. 110, no. 6, pp. 965–968, 2000.
[326]
G. T. Constantino, T. T. Abdo, F. R. Romano, R. L. Voegels, and O. Butugan, “The role of endoscopic surgery in the treatment of nasal inverted papilloma,” Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, vol. 73, no. 1, pp. 65–68, 2007.
[327]
T. J. Lee, C. C. Huang, Y. W. Chen, K. P. Chang, C. H. Fu, and P. H. Chang, “Medially originated inverted papilloma,” Otolaryngology, vol. 140, no. 3, pp. 324–329, 2009.
[328]
S. B. Cannady, P. S. Batra, N. B. Sautter, H. J. Roh, and M. J. Citardi, “New staging system for sinonasal inverted papilloma in the endoscopic era,” Laryngoscope, vol. 117, no. 7, pp. 1283–1287, 2007.
[329]
J. R. Gras-Cabrerizo, J. R. Montserrat-Gili, H. Massegur-Solench, X. León-Vintró, J. De Juan, and J. M. Fabra-Llopis, “Management of sinonasal inverted papillomas and comparison of classification staging systems,” American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 66–69, 2010.
[330]
L. Schoub, A. H. Timme, and C. J. Uys, “A well differentiated inverted papilloma of the nasal space associated with lymph node metastases,” South African Medical Journal, vol. 47, no. 36, pp. 1663–1665, 1973.
[331]
T. Tanvetyanon, D. Qin, T. Padhya, R. Kapoor, J. McCaffrey, and A. Trotti, “Survival outcomes of squamous cell carcinoma arising from sinonasal inverted papilloma: report of 6 cases with systematic review and pooled analysis,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 38–43, 2009.
[332]
P. Lavertu, J. K. Roberts, D. H. Kraus et al., “Squamous cell carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses: the Cleveland Clinic experience 1977-1986,” Laryngoscope, vol. 99, no. 11, pp. 1130–1136, 1989.
[333]
J. Olofsson, “Multidisciplinary team a prerequisite in endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery,” European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, vol. 267, no. 5, p. 647, 2010.
[334]
T. Nakano, H. Cho, M. Sugita, H. Shiotani, Y. Matsumoto, and K. Yamada, “A case of a nasal cavity inverted papilloma treated with a local injection of β-interferon,” Practica Otologica, vol. 92, no. 11, pp. 1201–1204, 1999.
[335]
B. L. Petersen, “An aggressive and invasive growth of juvenile papillomas involving the total respiratory tract,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 112, no. 11, pp. 1101–1104, 1998.
[336]
M. Woodcock, S. P. Mollan, D. Harrison, D. Taylor, and K. Lecuona, “Mitomycin C in the treatment of a Schneiderian (inverted) papilloma of the lacrimal,” International Ophthalmology, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 303–305, 2010.
[337]
S. Fakhri, M. J. Citardi, S. Wolfe, P. S. Batra, R. A. Prayson, and D. C. Lanza, “Challenges in the management of sphenoid inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 207–213, 2005.
[338]
O. G. Nwaorgu and P. A. Onakoya, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses: a fifteen-year review,” African Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 191–194, 2002.
[339]
D. D. Reh and A. P. Lane, “The role of endoscopic sinus surgery in the management of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 6–10, 2009.
[340]
H. Yuan and R. Wang, “Management of sinonasal inverting papilloma with recurrence and malignant transformation,” Zhonghua er bi yan hou ke za zhi, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 202–205, 2002.
[341]
F. Guedea, W. M. Mendenhall, J. T. Parsons, and R. R. Million, “The role of radiation therapy in inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses,” International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 777–780, 1991.
[342]
C. Ruaux, E. Serrano, M. B. Delisle, and J. J. Pessey, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Apropos of 10 cases,” Annales d'Oto-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, vol. 109, no. 6, pp. 294–302, 1992.
[343]
J. A. Gomez, W. M. Mendenhall, S. P. Tannehill, S. P. Stringer, and N. J. Cassisi, “Radiation therapy in inverted papillomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 174–178, 2000.
[344]
S. Kaza, R. Capasso, and R. R. Casiano, “Endoscopic resection of inverted papilloma: university of Miami experience,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 185–190, 2003.
[345]
P. C. Levendag, A. A. Annyas, J. R. Escajadillo, and J. D. Elema, “Radiotherapy for inverted papilloma: a case report,” Radiotherapy and Oncology, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 13–17, 1984.
[346]
M. C. Weissler, W. W. Montgomery, P. A. Turner, S. K. Montgomery, and M. P. Joseph, “Inverted papilloma,” Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology, vol. 95, no. 3, Part 1, pp. 215–221, 1986.
[347]
W. M. Mendenhall, R. R. Million, N. J. Cassisi, and K. K. Pierson, “Biologically aggressive papillomas of the nasal cavity: the role of radiation therapy,” Laryngoscope, vol. 95, no. 3, pp. 344–347, 1985.
[348]
E. Eviatar, M. Vaiman, N. Shlamkovitch, S. Segal, A. Kessler, and U. Katzenell, “Removal of sinonasal tumors by the endonasal endoscopic approach,” Israel Medical Association Journal, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 346–349, 2004.
[349]
H. Cansz, R. Tahamiler, M. Yener et al., “Modified midfacial degloving approach for sinonasal tumors,” Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, vol. 19, no. 6, pp. 1518–1522, 2008.
[350]
D. J. Howard, V. J. Lund, and W. I. Wei, “Craniofacial resection for tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: a 25-year experience,” Head and Neck, vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 867–873, 2006.
[351]
F. D. Vrionis, M. A. Kienstra, M. Rivera, and T. A. Padhya, “Malignant tumors of the anterior skull base,” Cancer Control, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 144–151, 2004.
[352]
S. Porceddu, J. Martin, G. Shanker et al., “Paranasal sinus tumors: peter MacCallum Cancer Institute experience,” Head and Neck, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 322–330, 2004.
[353]
A. Minovi, M. Kollert, W. Draf, and U. Bockmühl, “Inverted papilloma: feasibility of endonasal surgery and long-term results of 87 cases,” Rhinology, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 205–210, 2006.
[354]
C. von Buchwald and P. J. Bradley, “Risks of malignancy in inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 95–98, 2007.
[355]
E. Giotakis, A. Eleftheriadou, E. Ferekidou, D. Kandiloros, L. Manolopoulos, and I. Yiotakis, “Clinical outcomes of sinonasal inverted papilloma surgery. A retrospective study of 67 cases,” B-ENT, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 111–116, 2010.
[356]
P. D. Karkos, G. Fyrmpas, S. C. Carrie, and A. C. Swift, “Endoscopic versus open surgical interventions for inverted nasal papilloma: a systematic review,” Clinical Otolaryngology, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 499–503, 2006.
[357]
R. Kamel, A. Khaled, and T. Kandil, “Inverted papilloma: new classification and guidelines for endoscopic surgery,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 358–364, 2005.
[358]
T. J. Lee, S. F. Huang, L. A. Lee, and C. C. Huang, “Endoscopic surgery for recurrent inverted papilloma,” Laryngoscope, vol. 114, no. 1, pp. 106–112, 2004.
[359]
D. Tomenzoli, P. Castelnuovo, F. Pagella et al., “Different endoscopic surgical strategies in the management of inverted papilloma of the sinonasal tract: experience with 47 patients,” Laryngoscope, vol. 114, no. 2, pp. 193–200, 2004.
[360]
T. J. Lee, S. F. Huang, and C. C. Huang, “Tailored endoscopic surgery for the treatment of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Head and Neck, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 145–153, 2004.
[361]
D. M. Poetker, R. J. Toohill, T. A. Loehrl, and T. L. Smith, “Endoscopic management of sinonasal tumors: a preliminary report,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 307–315, 2005.
[362]
X. Li, X. Wang, and B. Wang, “[The preliminary discussions for the effect and its influence factors of nasal endoscopic surgery for the treatment of nasal inverted papilloma],” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 19, no. 17, pp. 779–781, 2005.
[363]
N. B. Sautter, M. J. Citardi, and P. S. Batra, “Minimally invasive resection of frontal recess/sinus inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 28, no. 4, pp. 221–224, 2007.
[364]
P. K. Parida and A. K. Gupta, “Medial maxillectomy: a comparative study as a surgical procedure,” Otolaryngology, vol. 138, no. 2, pp. 192–199, 2008.
[365]
S. Anari and S. Carrie, “Sinonasal inverted papilloma: narrative review,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 124, no. 7, pp. 705–715, 2010.
[366]
I. Ganly, S. G. Patel, B. Singh et al., “Craniofacial resection for malignant paranasal sinus tumors: report of an international collaborative study,” Head and Neck, vol. 27, no. 7, pp. 575–584, 2005.
[367]
S. M. Graham, C. W. Gross, S. C. Manning, and R. J. H. Smith, “Management of inverted papilloma,” Head and Neck, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 148–151, 1995.
[368]
L. W. J. Chee and D. S. Sethi, “The endoscopic management of sinonasal inverted papillomas,” Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 61–66, 1999.
[369]
P. Strek, O. Zagólski, J. Sk?adzień, and M. Modrzejewski, “Our experience in treatment of patients with inverted papilloma of lateral nasal wall,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 57, no. 5, pp. 633–637, 2003.
[370]
A. Mazita, B. S. Gendeh, and A. I. Zainal, “Sinonasal hybrid tumour involving the anterior skull base,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 122, no. 8, pp. 861–863, 2008.
[371]
Y. Kim, H. Kim, J. Park, B. Koo, Y. Park, and K. S. Rha, “External vs endoscopic approach for inverted papilloma of the sino-nasal cavities: a retrospective study of 136 cases,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 128, no. 8, pp. 909–914, 2008.
[372]
N. B. Sautter, S. B. Cannady, M. J. Citardi, H. J. Roh, and P. S. Batra, “Comparison of open versus endoscopic resection of inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 320–323, 2007.
[373]
M. ?Ukomski, R. Obr?bka, K. Starska et al., “Results of treatment papilloma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 62, no. 5, pp. 574–577, 2008.
[374]
T. Klimek, E. Atai, M. Schubert, and H. Glanz, “Inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: clinical data, surgical strategy and recurrence rates,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 120, no. 2, pp. 267–272, 2000.
[375]
O. Duruisseau, L. Yona, I. Wagner, A. C. Baglin, T. de Dieuleveult, and F. Chabolle, “Inverted papilloma: endoscopic versus external surgery. Apropos of 28 cases,” Annales d'Oto-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, vol. 118, no. 6, pp. 344–351, 2001.
[376]
P. Baruah and R. C. Deka, “Endoscopic management of inverted papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Ear, Nose and Throat Journal, vol. 82, no. 4, pp. 317–320, 2003.
[377]
S. G. Wolfe, R. J. Schlosser, W. E. Bolger, D. C. Lanza, and D. W. Kennedy, “Endoscopic and endoscope-assisted resections of inverted sinonasal papillomas,” Otolaryngology, vol. 131, no. 3, pp. 174–179, 2004.
[378]
J. M. Busquets and P. H. Hwang, “Endoscopic resection of sinonasal inverted papilloma: a meta-analysis,” Otolaryngology, vol. 134, no. 3, pp. 476–482, 2006.
[379]
G. Mortuaire, E. Arzul, J. A. Darras, and D. Chevalier, “Surgical management of sinonasal inverted papillomas through endoscopic approach,” European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, vol. 264, no. 12, pp. 1419–1424, 2007.
[380]
C. R. Cannon, “Endoscopic treatment of inverted papilloma,” Journal of the Mississippi State Medical Association, vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 274–276, 1999.
[381]
N. Kele? and K. De?er, “Endonasal endoscopic surgical treatment of paranasal sinus inverted papilloma—first experiences,” Rhinology, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 156–159, 2001.
[382]
G. Matyja, “Possibility and limits of the endonasal approach in sinonasal inverted papilloma cases—the technique and own experience. Preliminary report,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 61, no. 6, pp. 926–930, 2007.
[383]
S. Robinson, N. Patel, and P. J. Wormald, “Endoscopic management of benign tumors extending into the infratemporal fossa: a two-surgeon transnasal approach,” Laryngoscope, vol. 115, no. 10, pp. 1818–1822, 2005.
[384]
H. L. Wang, Z. H. Lin, G. K. Fan, and H. M. Chen, “Management of sinonasal inverted papilloma: endoscopic approach and lateral rhinotomy,” Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 196–203, 2007.
[385]
J. T. Parsons, W. M. Mendenhall, A. A. Mancuso, N. J. Cassisi, and R. R. Million, “Malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses,” International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 11–22, 1988.
[386]
J. A. Stankiewicz and S. J. Girgis, “Endoscopic surgical treatment of nasal and paranasal sinus inverted papilloma,” Otolaryngology, vol. 109, no. 6, pp. 988–995, 1993.
[387]
G. Waitz and M. E. Wigand, “Endoscopic, intranasal surgery of inverted papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” HNO, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 242–246, 1990.
[388]
G. Waitz and M. E. Wigand, “Results of endoscopic sinus surgery for the treatment of inverted papillomas,” Laryngoscope, vol. 102, no. 8, pp. 917–922, 1992.
[389]
F. Yan, X. Zeng, Y. He, Q. Zhang, W. Wang, and W. Wang, “[Value of nasal endoscopy in the surgery of the nasal inverted papillomas],” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 494–496, 2009.
[390]
C. Chao, J. You, and J. Qiu, “[Endoscopic sinus surgery for the treatment of nasal inverted papilloma],” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 21, no. 17, pp. 789–790, 2007.
[391]
Q. Liu, H. Yu, A. Minovi et al., “Management of maxillary sinus inverted papilloma via transnasal endoscopic anterior and medial maxillectomy,” ORL, vol. 72, no. 5, pp. 247–251, 2010.
[392]
H. Yu, C. Zhang, C. Zang, D. Wang, and C. Zheng, “The value of nasal endoscopy in the surgery of the nasal inverted papillomas,” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 219–220, 2002.
[393]
M. Alarcón, X. Altuna, A. Zulueta, F. Gorostiaga, and J. Algaba, “Inverted papilloma: treatment and evolution,” Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola, vol. 54, no. 4, pp. 242–248, 2003.
[394]
H. Liu and M. Dong, “Clinical staging system and surgical treatment for nasal inverted papilloma,” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 207–208, 2003.
[395]
C. Q. Zheng, B. B. Sun, Y. Liu, and D. H. Wang, “[Management of sinonasal inverted papilloma: endoscopic excision vs traditional procedures],” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Aa Zhi, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 283–286, 2005.
[396]
C. Durucu, T. Baglam, E. Karatas, S. Mumbuc, and M. Kanlikama, “Surgical treatment of inverted papilloma,” The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 1985–1988, 2009.
[397]
K. W. Suh, G. W. Facer, K. D. Devine, L. H. Weiland, and R. D. Zujko, “Inverting papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Laryngoscope, vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 35–46, 1977.
[398]
K. T. Yamaguchi, S. M. Shapshay, and J. S. Incze, “Inverted papilloma and squamous cell carcinoma,” Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 171–178, 1979.
[399]
M. Bussi, L. Cardarelli, and E. Riontino, “Rhinosinusal inverted papilloma: diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties in a series of 26 cases,” Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Italica, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 213–220, 1999.
[400]
M. A. Thorp, M. F. Oyarzabal-Amigo, J. H. Du Plessis, and S. L. Sellars, “Inverted papilloma: a review of 53 cases,” Laryngoscope, vol. 111, no. 8, pp. 1401–1405, 2001.
[401]
J. H. Yoon, C. H. Kim, and E. C. Choi, “Treatment outcomes of primary and recurrent inverted papilloma: an analysis of 96 cases,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 116, no. 9, pp. 699–702, 2002.
[402]
M. Kotulska-Kli? and E. Ja?kiewicz-Burnejko, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses in endoscopic surgery of the Otolaryngology Clinical Division in 4-th Clinical Military Hospital in Wroc?aw between years 2006-2008,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 63, no. 7, pp. 50–53, 2009.
[403]
D. Holzmann, I. Hegyi, G. P. Rajan, and M. Harder-Ruckstuhl, “Management of benign inverted sinonasal papilloma avoiding external approaches,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 121, no. 6, pp. 548–554, 2007.
[404]
K. J. Heathcote and S. B. Nair, “The impact of modern techniques on the recurrence rate of inverted papilloma treated by endonasal surgery,” Rhinology, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 339–344, 2009.
[405]
R. Jankowski, C. Lhuillier, C. Simon, and M. Wayoff, “Which approach should be chosen for inverted nasosinusal papilloma?” Revue de Laryngologie Otologie Rhinologie, vol. 111, no. 1, pp. 71–74, 1990.
[406]
X. D. Jiang, Z. Dong, G. Y. Li, G. Gao, and D. D. Zhu, “[Endoscopic surgery for 89 cases of nasal inverted papilloma],” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi, vol. 45, no. 3, pp. 186–189, 2010.
[407]
R. Endo, J. Ishitoya, T. Kawano et al., “A study of surgical procedures for inverted papilloma in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses,” Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai kaiho, vol. 111, no. 8, pp. 581–587, 2008.
[408]
S. R. Hoffman, G. D. Stinziano, and D. Goodman, “Microscopic rhinoscopy in the treatment of inverted papillomas,” Laryngoscope, vol. 94, no. 5, Part 1, pp. 662–663, 1984.
[409]
J. L. Zweig, B. M. Schaitkin, C. Y. Fan, and E. L. Barnes, “Histopathology of tissue samples removed using the microdebrider technique: implications for endoscopic sinus surgery,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 27–32, 2000.
[410]
D. a. Párraga, A. C. García, D. S. Ruiz, and A. G. Prado, “Inverted nasosinusal papilloma. 11 cases and bibliographic revision,” Anales Otorrinolaringologicos Ibero-Americanos, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 279–289, 2005.
[411]
S. S. Jawhar, E. Gassab, W. Kermani, and A. Gassab, “Contribution of endoscopic laser coagulation in the treatment of multicentric sinonasal inverted papilloma. A case report,” Revue de Laryngologie Otologie Rhinologie, vol. 128, no. 1-2, pp. 85–88, 2007.
[412]
S. K. Kaluskar, R. Mehta, T. B. Farnan, and S. I. Basha, “Endoscopic 532-nm KTP laser excision of inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses: a series of 9 patients,” Ear, Nose and Throat Journal, vol. 88, no. 4, pp. 880–887, 2009.
[413]
Q. F. Zhang, C. P. She, W. Song, and X. Zhang, “[Endoscopic surgery using the low-temperature plasma radiofrequency for nasal inverted papilloma],” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi, vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 543–545, 2009.
[414]
J. P. Kostrzewa, J. Sunde, K. O. Riley, and B. A. Woodworth, “Radiofrequency coblation decreases blood loss during endoscopic sinonasal and skull base tumor removal,” ORL, vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 38–43, 2010.
[415]
A. N. Erkan, E. Tarhan, C. Yilmazer, A. Ca?ici, and O. Cakmak, “Endoscopic removal of sinonasal tumors,” Kulak Burun Bo?az Ihtisas Dergisi, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 72–79, 2006.
[416]
M. H. Baradaranfar and P. Dabirmoghaddam, “Endoscopic endonasal surgery for resection of benign sinonasal tumors: experience with 105 patients,” Archives of Iranian Medicine, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 244–249, 2006.
[417]
A. P. Lane and W. E. Bolger, “Endoscopic management of inverted papilloma,” Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 14–18, 2006.
[418]
C. Von Buchwald and A. S. Larsen, “Endoscopic surgery of inverted papillomas under image guidance—a prospective study of 42 consecutive cases at a Danish university clinic,” Otolaryngology, vol. 132, no. 4, pp. 602–607, 2005.
[419]
D. Han, B. Zhou, W. Ge, L. Zhang, and Y. Zhang, “Application of an image-guidance system in endoscopic sinus surgery,” Zhonghua er bi yan hou ke za zhi, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 126–128, 2001.
[420]
D. Han, B. Zhou, W. Ge, L. Zhang, and Y. Zhang, “Advantages of using an image-guided system for transnasal endoscopic surgery,” Chinese Medical Journal, vol. 116, no. 7, pp. 1106–1107, 2003.
[421]
W. Innis, P. Byrne, and R. P. Tufano, “Image-guided osteoplastic frontal sinusotomy,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 430–434, 2005.
[422]
J. Oeken and J. T?rpel, “The influence of navigation on endoscopic sinus surgery,” HNO, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 151–157, 2008.
[423]
P. Castelnuovo, I. Dallan, P. Battaglia, and M. Bignami, “Endoscopic endonasal skull base surgery: past, present and future,” European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, vol. 267, no. 5, pp. 649–663, 2010.
[424]
S. Hashimoto, K. Takahashi, H. Satoh et al., “MRI-CT fusion image navigation during surgery for inverted papilloma,” Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho, vol. 113, no. 1, pp. 15–19, 2010.
[425]
A. Yoskovitch, I. Braverman, D. Nachtigal, S. Frenkiel, L. Rochon, and M. J. Black, “Sinonasal schneiderian papilloma,” Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 122–126, 1998.
[426]
B. A. Woodworth, G. A. Bhargave, J. N. Palmer et al., “Clinical outcomes of endoscopic and endoscopic-assisted resection of inverted papillomas: a 15-year experience,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 591–600, 2007.
[427]
G. Barzilai, E. Greenberg, and N. Uri, “Indications for the Caldwell-Luc approach in the endoscopic era,” Otolaryngology, vol. 132, no. 2, pp. 219–220, 2005.
[428]
M. J. Jameson and S. E. Kountakis, “Endoscopic management of extensive inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 446–451, 2005.
[429]
W. J. Lewis, H. A. Richter, and Z. Jabourian, “Craniofacial resection for large tumors of the paranasal sinuses,” Ear, Nose and Throat Journal, vol. 68, no. 7, pp. 539–547, 1989.
[430]
G. Terzakis, S. Vlachou, D. Kyrmizakis, and E. Helidonis, “The management of sinonasal inverted papilloma: our experience,” Rhinology, vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 28–33, 2002.
[431]
R. Landsberg, O. Cavel, Y. Segev, A. Khafif, and D. M. Fliss, “Attachment-oriented endoscopic surgical strategy for sinonasal inverted papilloma,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 629–634, 2008.
[432]
A. Hussain, O. J. Hilmi, and D. P. Murray, “Lateral rhinotomy through nasal aesthetic subunits. Improved cosmetic outcome,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 116, no. 9, pp. 703–706, 2002.
[433]
E. Raveh, R. Feinmesser, T. Shpitzer, E. Yaniv, and K. Segal, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses: a study of 56 cases and review of the literature,” Israel Journal of Medical Sciences, vol. 32, no. 12, pp. 1163–1167, 1996.
[434]
W. Lawson, H. F. Biller, A. Jacobson, and P. Som, “The role of conservative surgery in the management of inverted papilloma,” Laryngoscope, vol. 93, no. 2, pp. 148–155, 1983.
[435]
R. Weisman, “Lateral rhinotomy and medial maxillectomy,” Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1145–1156, 1995.
[436]
E. A. Lueg, J. C. Irish, Y. Roth et al., “An objective analysis of the impact of lateral rhinotomy and medial maxillectomy on nasal airway function,” Laryngoscope, vol. 108, no. 9, pp. 1320–1324, 1998.
[437]
E. A. Lueg, J. C. Irish, M. R. Katz, D. H. Brown, and P. J. Gullane, “A patient- and observer-rated analysis of the impact of lateral rhinotomy on facial aesthetics,” Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 241–244, 2001.
[438]
C. Metheetrairut and K. Thongyai, “Midfacial degloving surgical approach: experience at Siriraj Hospital,” Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, vol. 86, no. 11, pp. 1024–1032, 2003.
[439]
A. J. Maniglia and D. A. Phillips, “Midfacial degloving for the management of nasal, sinus, and skull-base neoplasms,” Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 1127–1143, 1995.
[440]
A. Berghaus and S. Jovanovic, “Technique and indications of extended sublabial rhinotomy (“midfacial degloving”),” Rhinology, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 105–110, 1991.
[441]
J. C. Price, M. J. Holliday, D. W. Kennedy, M. E. Johns, W. J. Richtsmeier, and D. E. Mattox, “The versatile midface degloving approach,” Laryngoscope, vol. 98, no. 3, pp. 291–295, 1988.
[442]
J. Trotoux, F. Riviere, E. Pierard et al., “Access to facial tumors by the 'degloving' procedure. An elegant solution to the treatment of inverted papillomas and of certain cancers of the sinuses. Its significance, limits and extension,” Annales d'Oto-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, vol. 106, no. 5, pp. 346–350, 1989.
[443]
F. Esteban, A. Jurado, E. Cantillo, A. Mochon, and J. M. Casado, “Facial degloving as a versatile approach to nasal sinus tumors,” Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola, vol. 48, no. 6, pp. 457–460, 1997.
[444]
C. Buchwald, P. Bonding, B. Kirkby, and E. Fallentin, “Modified midfacial degloving. A practical approach to extensive bilateral benign tumours of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses,” Rhinology, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 39–42, 1995.
[445]
S. Y. Jeon, J. H. Jeong, H. S. Kim, S. K. Ahn, and J. P. Kim, “Hemifacial degloving approach for medial maxillectomy: a modification of midfacial degloving approach,” Laryngoscope, vol. 113, no. 4, pp. 754–756, 2003.
[446]
P. Goyal and S. A. Tatum, “Combined extended midface degloving and endoscopic approach for resection of sinonasal lesions,” Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 275–277, 2006.
[447]
D. M. Fliss, G. Zucker, A. Amir, and A. Gatot, “The combined subcranial and midfacial degloving technique for tumor resection: report of three cases,” Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 106–110, 2000.
[448]
P. Peng and G. Har-El, “Management of inverted papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 233–237, 2006.
[449]
J. Lindemann, R. Leiacker, T. Sikora, G. Rettinger, and T. Keck, “Impact of unilateral sinus surgery with resection of the turbinates by means of midfacial degloving on nasal air conditioning,” Laryngoscope, vol. 112, no. 11, pp. 2062–2066, 2002.
[450]
K. Onal, M. Z. U?uz, H. G?k?e, A. Deniz, and M. Tunakan, “Four cases of inverted papilloma,” Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtisas Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 66–69, 2002.
[451]
V. Sharma and K. Koirala, “Lateral rhinotomy vs mid-facial degloving for T3 inverted papilloma of nose and paranasal sinus,” Nepal Medical College Journal, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 115–117, 2009.
[452]
R. A. Sofferman, “The septal translocation procedure: an alternative to lateral rhinotomy,” Otolaryngology, vol. 98, no. 1, pp. 18–25, 1988.
[453]
L. Siivonen, “Sublabial rhinotomy in the management of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Rhinology, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 187–190, 1989.
[454]
S. A. Mickelson and R. D. Nichols, “Denker rhinotomy for inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Henry Ford Hospital Medical Journal, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 21–24, 1990.
[455]
K. Oikawa, Y. Furuta, T. Itoh, N. Oridate, and S. Fukuda, “Clinical and pathological analysis of recurrent inverted papilloma,” Annals of Otology, Rhinology and Laryngology, vol. 116, no. 4, pp. 297–303, 2007.
[456]
M. J. Kaplan, J. A. Jane, T. S. Park, and R. W. Cantrell, “Supraorbital rim approach to the anterior skull base,” Laryngoscope, vol. 94, no. 9, pp. 1137–1139, 1984.
[457]
E. R. Thaler, M. Kotapka, D. C. Lanza, and D. W. Kennedy, “Endoscopically assisted anterior cranial skull base resection of sinonasal tumors,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 303–310, 1999.
[458]
B. S. Gendeh, H. Salina, B. Selladurai, and T. Jegan, “Endoscopic-assisted craniofacial resection: a case series and post-operative outcome,” Medical Journal of Malaysia, vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 234–237, 2007.
[459]
A. Minovi, M. Kollert, W. Draf, and U. Bockmühl, “Endonasal micro-endoscopic resection of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie, vol. 85, no. 6, pp. 421–425, 2006.
[460]
B. Pradhan and N. Thapa, “Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS),” JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association, vol. 45, no. 164, pp. 337–341, 2006.
[461]
T. Ishibashi, K. Ishio, K. Ichimura, M. Mizuno, and T. Fukaya, “Endoscopic sinus surgery for unilateral chronic sinusitis,” Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai kaiho, vol. 102, no. 7, pp. 871–877, 1999.
[462]
S. I. Emel'ianov, A. R. Fekh, T. G. Robustova, and A. M. Sdvizhkov, “Modern endosurgical technologies in the diagnosis and treatment of maxillary inflammations and tumors (part 2),” Stomatologiya, vol. 80, no. 4, pp. 33–35, 2001.
[463]
P. S. Batra and M. J. Citardi, “Endoscopic management of sinonasal malignancy,” Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 619–637, 2006.
[464]
W. Szyfter, L. Borucki, and A. Balcerowiak, “Endoscopic surgery for selected tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses—practical sense of the four hands technique,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 62, no. 2, pp. 170–174, 2008.
[465]
J. J. Homer, N. S. Jones, and P. J. Bradley, “The role of endoscopy in the management of nasal neoplasia,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 41–47, 1997.
[466]
F. Facon and P. Dessi, “Microinvasive endonasal surgery: contribution of endoscopy to maxillofacial surgery],” Revue de Stomatologie et de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale, vol. 106, no. 4, pp. 230–242, 2005.
[467]
G. Xu, Y. Li, and J. Shi, “Endoscopic sinus surgery for the treatment of inverted papilloma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses,” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 237–239, 1996.
[468]
J. Percodani, X. Rose, S. Vergez, J. J. Pessey, and E. Serrano, “Endonasal endoscopic approach in the treatment of sino-nasal inverted papillomas,” Annales d'Oto-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, vol. 123, no. 6, pp. 312–318, 2006.
[469]
K. D. Rutherford and S. M. Brown, “Endoscopic resection of maxillary sinus inverted papillomas with inferior turbinate preservation,” Otolaryngology, vol. 142, no. 5, pp. 760–762, 2010.
[470]
J. R. Gras-Cabrerizo, H. Massegur-Solench, A. Pujol-Olmo, J. R. Montserrat-Gili, J. M. Ademá-Alcover, and I. Zarraonandia-Andraca, “Endoscopic medial maxillectomy with preservation of inferior turbinate: how do we do it?” European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, vol. 268, no. 3, pp. 389–392, 2011.
[471]
A. Jurado-Ramos, J. G. Jodas, F. R. Romero et al., “Endoscopic medial maxillectomy as a procedure of choice to treat inverted papillomas,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 129, no. 9, pp. 1018–1025, 2009.
[472]
L. H. Yu, C. Y. Ho, and C. Z. Lin, “Inverted papilloma,” Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi, vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 349–354, 2000.
[473]
J. A. Socher, M. Cassano, C. A. Filheiro, P. Cassano, and A. Felippu, “Diagnosis and treatment of isolated sphenoid sinus disease: a review of 109 cases,” Acta Oto-Laryngologica, vol. 128, no. 9, pp. 1004–1010, 2008.
[474]
T. Hadar, J. Shvero, B. Nageris, and E. Yaniv, “The endoscopic approach to isolated sphenoid sinus disease,” Harefuah, vol. 141, no. 8, pp. 670–764, 2002.
[475]
T. Hadar, E. Yaniv, and J. Shvero, “Isolated sphenoid sinus changes—history, CT and endoscopic finding,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 110, no. 9, pp. 850–853, 1996.
[476]
M. Erminy, D. Aidan, J. Trotoux, and P. Bonfils, “Clinical, etiologic and therapeutic aspects of chronic sphenoid opacities],” Annales d'Oto-Laryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, vol. 115, no. 6, pp. 332–337, 1998.
[477]
P. Castelnuovo, F. Pagella, L. Semino, F. De Bernardi, and G. Delù, “Endoscopic treatment of the isolated sphenoid sinus lesions,” European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, vol. 262, no. 2, pp. 142–147, 2005.
[478]
K. K. Wong and R. S. Fenton, “Endoscopic resection of isolated inverted papilloma of the sphenoid sinus,” Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 125–128, 2004.
[479]
R. K. Chandra, R. Schlosser, and D. W. Kennedy, “Use of the 70-Degree Diamond Burr in the Management of Complicated Frontal Sinus Disease,” Laryngoscope, vol. 114, no. 2, pp. 188–192, 2004.
[480]
E. Stennert, “Rhino-frontal sinuseptotomy (RFS): a combined intra-extra nasal approach for the surgical treatment of severely diseased frontal sinuses,” Laryngoscope, vol. 111, no. 7, pp. 1237–1245, 2001.
[481]
P. S. Batra, M. J. Citardi, S. Worley, J. Lee, and D. C. Lanza, “Resection of anterior skull base tumors: comparison of combined traditional and endoscopic techniques,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 521–528, 2005.
[482]
M. G. Dubin, R. E. Sonnenburg, C. T. Melroy, C. S. Ebert, C. S. Coffey, and B. A. Senior, “Staged endoscopic and combined open/endoscopic approach in the management of inverted papilloma of the frontal sinus,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 442–445, 2005.
[483]
G. Zhang, X. Rodriguez, A. Hussain, and M. Desrosiers, “Outcomes of the extended endoscopic approach for management of inverted papilloma,” Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 83–87, 2007.
[484]
R. H. Kamel, “Transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy in inverted papilloma,” Laryngoscope, vol. 105, no. 8, Part 1, pp. 847–853, 1995.
[485]
P. J. Andersen, A. D. Kjeldsen, and A. T. Pedersen, “Results of endoscopic sinus surgery for the treatment of inverted papillomas,” Ugeskrift for Laeger, vol. 164, no. 37, pp. 4283–4287, 2002.
[486]
R. J. Schlosser, J. C. Mason, and C. W. Gross, “Aggressive endoscopic resection of inverted papilloma: an update,” Otolaryngology, vol. 125, no. 1, pp. 49–53, 2001.
[487]
N. Sadeghi, S. Al-Dhahri, and J. J. Manoukian, “Transnasal endoscopic medial maxillectomy for inverting papilloma,” Laryngoscope, vol. 113, no. 4, pp. 749–753, 2003.
[488]
Y. Goffart, M. Jorissen, J. Daele et al., “Minimally invasive endoscopic management of malignant sinonasal tumours,” Acta Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica Belgica, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 221–232, 2000.
[489]
H. J. Roh, P. S. Batra, M. J. Citardi, J. Lee, W. E. Bolger, and D. C. Lanza, “Endoscopic resection of sinonasal malignancies: a preliminary report,” American Journal of Rhinology, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 239–246, 2004.
[490]
A. C. Pelaz, J. P. Rodrigo, and C. Suárez, “Endoscopic management of malignant inverted papilloma of the nasopharynx,” Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. E172–E175, 2008.
[491]
B. Peter and R. Grossenbacher, “The inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Laryngo- Rhino- Otologie, vol. 76, no. 1, pp. 14–18, 1997.
[492]
M. Suzuki, H. Sakurai, S. Seno et al., “Endoscopic resection of benign and malignant tumors in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus,” Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho, vol. 108, no. 7, pp. 724–733, 2005.
[493]
D. H. Rice, “Endonasal approaches for sinonasal and nasopharyngeal tumors,” Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 1087–1093, 2001.
[494]
G. Eggers, J. Muhling, and S. Hassfeld, “Inverted papilloma of paranasal sinuses,” Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 21–29, 2007.
[495]
O. Arndt, K. Nottelmann, J. Brock, and O. G. Neumann, “Inverted papilloma and its association with human papillomavirus. A study using the polymerase chain reaction,” HNO, vol. 42, no. 11, pp. 670–676, 1994.
[496]
R. A. Marcial-Rojas and E. De Leon, “Epithelial papilloma of nose and accessory sinuses,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 77, pp. 634–639, 1963.
[497]
T. E. Mabery, K. D. Devine, and E. G. Harrison, “The problem of malignant transformation in a nasal papilloma: report of a case,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 82, pp. 296–300, 1965.
[498]
T. C. Alford and T. Winship, “Epithelial papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinus,” The American Journal of Surgery, vol. 106, no. 5, pp. 764–767, 1963.
[499]
H. J. Norris, “Papillary lesions of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. II. Inverting papillomas. A study of 29 cases,” The Laryngoscope, vol. 73, pp. 1–17, 1963.
[500]
R. N. Snyder and K. H. Perzin, “Papillomatosis of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (inverted papilloma, squamous papilloma). A clinicopathologic study,” Cancer, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 668–690, 1972.
[501]
W. S. Kim, D. W. Hyun, C. H. Kim, and J. H. Yoon, “Treatment outcomes of sinonasal inverted papillomas according to surgical approaches,” Acta Otolaryngol, vol. 130, no. 4, pp. 493–497, 2009.
[502]
R. J. Sanderson and P. Knegt, “Management of inverted papilloma via Denker's approach,” Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 69–71, 1999.
[503]
P. J. Wormald, E. Ooi, C. A. Van Hasselt, and S. Nair, “Endoscopic removal of sinonasal inverted papilloma including endoscopic medial maxillectomy,” Laryngoscope, vol. 113, no. 5, pp. 867–873, 2003.
[504]
M. Kraft, D. Simmen, T. Kaufmann, and D. Holzmann, “Long-term results of endonasal sinus surgery in sinonasal papillomas,” Laryngoscope, vol. 113, no. 9, pp. 1541–1547, 2003.
[505]
W. Lawson, M. R. Kaufman, and H. F. Biller, “Treatment outcomes in the management of inverted papilloma: an analysis of 160 cases,” Laryngoscope, vol. 113, no. 9, pp. 1548–1556, 2003.
[506]
E. Pasquini, V. Sciarretta, G. Farneti, G. C. Modugno, and A. R. Ceroni, “Inverted papilloma: report of 89 cases,” American Journal of Otolaryngology, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 178–185, 2004.
[507]
J. P. D. Molina, J. L. L. Pendas, J. P. Tapia, C. Marcos, S. Agüera, and C. Nieto, “Inverted sinonasal papillomas. Review of 61 cases,” Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola, vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 402–408, 2009.
[508]
C. L. Sham, J. K. S. Woo, C. A. van Hasselt, and M. C. F. Tong, “Treatment results of sinonasal inverted papilloma: an 18-year study,” American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 203–211, 2009.
[509]
A. H. Jardine, G. R. Davies, and M. A. Birchall, “Recurrence and malignant degeneration of 89 cases of inverted papilloma diagnosed in a non-tertiary referral population between 1975 and 1995: clinical predictors and p53 studies,” Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 363–369, 2000.
[510]
T. Stange and H. J. Schultz-Coulon, “Surgical management of inverted papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” HNO, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 614–622, 2008.
[511]
P. L. Nielsen, C. Buchwald, L. H. Nielsen, and M. Tos, “Inverted papilloma of the nasal cavity: pathological aspects in a follow-up study,” Laryngoscope, vol. 101, no. 10, pp. 1094–1101, 1991.
[512]
Z. Liu, “Quantitative studies on nuclear DNA content and morphological features in inverted papillomas of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses,” Zhonghua er bi yan hou ke za zhi, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 326–382, 1990.
[513]
M. Winter, R. A. Rauer, U. G?de, G. Waitz, and M. E. Wigand, “Inverted papilloma of the nose and the paranasal sinuses. Long term results after endoscopic endoscopic endonasal sinus surgery,” HNO, vol. 48, no. 8, pp. 568–572, 2000.
[514]
M. S. Benninger, P. Lavertu, H. Levine, and H. M. Tucker, “Conservation surgery for inverted papillomas,” Head and Neck, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 442–445, 1991.
[515]
C. Zumegen, J. P. Thomas, and O. Michel, “Experience in endonasal endoscopic surgery of the inverted papilloma of the nose and the paranasal sinuses,” Laryngo-Rhino-Otologie, vol. 79, no. 4, pp. 221–225, 2000.
[516]
G. Pallàs, E. Lluís, M. M. Pujol, I. Juan, M. Viarnés, and R. Montoya, “Inverted papilloma. Review of 23 cases,” Anales otorrinolaringológicos Ibero-Americanos, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 111–122, 2007.
[517]
W. S. Kim, D. W. Hyun, C. H. Kim, and J. H. Yoon, “Treatment outcomes of sinonasal inverted papillomas according to surgical approaches,” Acta Otolaryngol, vol. 130, no. 4, pp. 493–497, 2009.
[518]
S. R. Dolgin, V. D. Zaveri, R. R. Casiano, and A. J. Maniglia, “Different options for treatment of inverting papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses: a report of 41 cases,” Laryngoscope, vol. 102, no. 3, pp. 231–236, 1992.
[519]
B. Majumdar and S. Beck, “Inverted papilloma of the nose. Some aspects of aetiology,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 98, no. 5, pp. 467–470, 1984.
[520]
W. Lawson, B. T. Ho, C. M. Shaari, and H. F. Biller, “Inverted papilloma: a report of 112 cases,” Laryngoscope, vol. 105, no. 3, Part 1, pp. 282–288, 1995.
[521]
D. Nachtigal, A. Yoskovitch, S. Frenkiel, I. Braverman, and L. Rochon, “Unique characteristics of malignant schneiderian papilloma,” Otolaryngology, vol. 121, no. 6, pp. 766–771, 1999.
[522]
Y. Terayama, “Clinicopathological investigation of malignant alteration in nasal and paranasal sinus papilloma using flow cytometric DNA ploidy,” Nippon Jibiinkoka Gakkai Kaiho, vol. 101, no. 10, pp. 1266–1275, 1998.
[523]
S. P. McKay, L. Grégoire, F. Lonardo, P. Reidy, R. H. Mathog, and W. D. Lancaster, “Human papillomavirus (HPV) transcripts in malignant inverted papilloma are from integrated HPV DNA,” Laryngoscope, vol. 115, no. 8, pp. 1428–1431, 2005.
[524]
H. Katori, A. Nozawa, and M. Tsukuda, “Increased expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and 9 and human papilloma virus infection are associated with malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Journal of Surgical Oncology, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 80–85, 2006.
[525]
A. L. Wang, H. G. Liu, and Y. Zhang, “Increased expression of fascin associated with malignant transformation of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Chinese Medical Journal, vol. 120, no. 5, pp. 375–379, 2007.
[526]
H. H. Wu, S. Zafar, Y. Huan, H. Yee, L. Chiriboga, and B. Y. Wang, “Fascin over expression is associated with dysplastic changes in sinonasal inverted papillomas: a study of 47 cases,” Head and Neck Pathology, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 212–216, 2009.
[527]
M. S. Benninger, J. K. Roberts, B. A. Sebek, H. L. Levine, H. M. Tucker, and P. Lavertu, “Inverted papillomas and associated squamous cell carcinomas,” Otolaryngology, vol. 103, no. 3, pp. 457–461, 1990.
[528]
E. P. M. Jansen, R. B. Keus, F. J. M. Hilgers, R. L. M. Haas, I. B. Tan, and H. Bartelink, “Does the combination of radiotherapy and debulking surgery favor survival in paranasal sinus carcinoma?” International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 27–35, 2000.
[529]
U. S. Kale, S. G. Raje, and R. G. Wight, “The management of massive pneumocephalus and cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhoea as a consequence of biopsy in a patient with inverted papilloma,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 112, no. 7, pp. 657–659, 1998.
[530]
D. M. Fliss, G. Zucker, A. Cohen et al., “Early outcome and complications of the extended subcranial approach to the anterior skull base,” Laryngoscope, vol. 109, no. 1, pp. 153–160, 1999.
[531]
S. Barna?, D. Adamek-Nowak, and G. Pitala, “Endoscopic surgical treatment of isolated inverted papilloma of the sphenoid sinus complicated by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea–case report,” Otolaryngologia Polska, vol. 63, no. 7, pp. 93–95, 2009.
[532]
S. Harvinder, S. Rosalind, S. Mallina, and S. Gurdeep, “Management of sinonasal inverted papillomas: endoscopic medial maxillectomy,” Medical Journal of Malaysia, vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 58–60, 2008.
[533]
N. K. Yeo, J. H. Wang, Y. S. Chung, Y. J. Jang, and B. J. Lee, “Contributing factors to prevent prolonged epiphora after maxillectomy,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 136, no. 3, pp. 229–233, 2010.
[534]
M. D. Brooks, A. B. Carr, and S. E. Eckert, “Nasal stent fabrication involved in nasal reconstruction: clinical report of two patient treatments,” Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, vol. 91, no. 2, pp. 123–127, 2004.
[535]
J. F. Fan, N. Y. Wang, L. Chen, G. X. Zhang, S. K. Li, and Z. M. Zhao, “The reverse buccinator musculomucosal flap for the treatment of inverted papilloma of the nose,” Zhonghua Zhengxing Waike Zazhi, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 266–268, 2005.
[536]
C. Suárez, A. Ferlito, V. J. Lund et al., “Management of the orbit in malignant sinonasal tumors,” Head and Neck, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 242–250, 2008.
[537]
H. Katori and M. Tsukuda, “Staging of surgical approach of sinonasal inverted papilloma,” Auris Nasus Larynx, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 257–263, 2005.
[538]
C. L. Sham, “Endoscopic resection of inverted papilloma of the nose and paranasal sinuses,” Journal of Laryngology and Otology, vol. 112, no. 8, pp. 758–764, 1998.
[539]
G. Xu, Y. Li, M. Xie et al., “Exploration of transnasal endoscopic cranialbase approach,” Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 443–446, 2002.
[540]
F. Gu and L. Zhang, “Surgical analysis of sinonasal inverting papilloma with recurrence,” Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 74–75, 2005.
[541]
R. C. Paniello, K. S. Virgo, M. H. Johnson, M. F. Clemente, and F. E. Johnson, “Practice patterns and clinical guidelines for posttreatment follow-up of head and neck cancers: a comparison of 2 professional societies,” Archives of Otolaryngology, vol. 125, no. 3, pp. 309–313, 1999.
[542]
S. C. Ritoe, P. F. M. Krabbe, J. H. A. M. Kaanders, F. J. A. Van Den Hoogen, A. L. M. Verbeek, and H. A. M. Marres, “Value of routine follow-up for patients cured of laryngeal carcinoma,” Cancer, vol. 101, no. 6, pp. 1382–1389, 2004.
[543]
M. Boysen, O. Lovdal, J. Tausjo, and F. Winther, “The value of follow-up in patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck,” European Journal of Cancer, vol. 28, no. 2-3, pp. 426–430, 1992.
[544]
J. G. Spector, D. G. Sessions, B. H. Haughey et al., “Delayed regional metastases, distant metastases, and second primary malignancies in squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx and hypopharynx,” Laryngoscope, vol. 111, no. 6, pp. 1079–1087, 2001.
[545]
S. J. Charous, “An overview of office-based ultrasonography: new versions of an old technology,” Otolaryngology, vol. 131, no. 6, pp. 1001–1003, 2004.
[546]
B. Bertrand, P. Eloy, M. Jorissen et al., “Surgery of inverted papillomas under endoscopic control,” Acta Oto-Rhino-Laryngologica Belgica, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 139–150, 2000.