Occurrence of Pre- and Postoperative Stress Urinary Incontinence in 105 Patients Who Underwent Tension-Free Vaginal Mesh Surgery for Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Retrospective Study
Objective. To examine retrospectively the occurrence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in patients who underwent transvaginal mesh repair (TVM) for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Methods. The presence of preoperative SUI and postoperative changes in SUI was retrospectively analyzed for 105 patients who underwent TVM for POP between September 2009 and September 2012. Results. Preoperative SUI was observed in almost half of the patients ( ) who underwent TVM surgery. No significant differences were seen in patient age, pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP-Q) stage, or primary POP complaint between those with and without preoperative SUI. Of the 50 patients with preoperative SUI, SUI was resolved in 14 (28%) following TVM surgery. Of the 55 patients without preoperative SUI, de novo postoperative SUI appeared in 26 (47.3%), of whom approximately half experienced resolution or improvement of SUI within 6 months postoperatively. There was no relationship between preoperative residual urine volume and occurrence of postoperative SUI. Conclusion. TVM surgery is a useful surgical method that can replace traditional methods for treating POP, but sufficient informed consent with regards to the onset of postoperative SUI is required. 1. Introduction Japan already has a super-aging society, where 1 in every 5 people is aged 65 years or older. In such an aging population, the issue of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is an increasing concern. Japanese gynecologists have traditionally performed curative surgical procedures such as vaginal hysterectomy (VH), anterior and posterior colpoplasty, and circumferential suture of the levator ani muscles for POP and especially for uterine prolapse. However, following reports by a French group of gynecologists of a tension-free vaginal mesh (TVM) surgery for the repair of POP using mesh without hysterectomy that has a favorable cure rate and low frequency of complications [1, 2], many Japanese gynecologists have switched to using this technique. In certain hospitals, this surgical procedure has replaced VH as the first-line surgical option for POP. POP is attributed to vulnerability of the pelvic floor and often adversely affects quality of life and sexual function [3, 4]. It can also distort the lower urinary tract, resulting in stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and other voiding dysfunctions [5]. The aim of treatment for POP should, therefore, not only aim at anatomical restoration but also at maintaining or improving patients’ quality of life. As many POP patients present with lower urinary symptoms, it is vital that
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