Uptake Capacity of Pb2+ by Sulphonated Biomass of Cicer arietinum: Batch Studies

Fundamental investigation on the removal of heavy metal Pb2+ from aqueous solutions by sulphonated biomass (S-III) of Cicer arietinum is conducted in batch mode. The effect of different parameters such as contact time, sorbent dose, pH and temperature has been studied. Adsorption kinetic modeling data were found. The kinetics of biosorption results shows that sorption process is well explained by pseudo-second-order model with determination coefficients 0.998 for S-III under all experimental conditions. The sorption mechanism was determined by Weber and Morris intraparticle diffusion model. Thermodynamic parameters, namely, and G,have also been calculated to determine the spontaneity of the process. 1. Introduction The process adsorption is found to be, highly effective, cheap, and easy method. Active carbon in most cases has been used as adsorbent for reclamation of municipal and industrial wastewater for almost the last few decades, but the high cost carbon has inspired investigation to search for low cost agriculture waste as adsorbents. A batch study was carried out by Ncibi et al. on biosorption of textile dyes [1] from aqueous solutions using Posidonia oceanica leaf sheath fibres. The uptake capacity of chromium(VI) by nitrated and sulphonated Coconut shell carbon [2] was studied by Selvi and Jeyanthi. A sorption study of Al3+, Co2+, and Ag+ in aqueous solutions by Fluted pumpkin [3] waste biomass was carried out by Jnr and Spiff. Girgis and Ishak have been worked on activated carbon from cotton stalks [4] by impregnation with phosphoric acid. Farooqui et al. reported the use of leaves of cauliflower [5] for removal of iron from wasterwater. Removal of Fe2+, Zn2+, and Mg2+ from polluted water using thioglycolic modified oil-palm fibre [6] was done by Akaniwor et al.who worked on adsorption of dyes, chromate, and metallic ions by poly(ethyleneimine) [7]. Adsorption behavior of Cd2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, and Zn2+ from aqueous solutions by Mangifera indica [8] seed shell was reported by Ajmal et al. Choy and Mckay studied the rate of adsorption of cadmium [9], copper, and zinc ions onto bone char in three single component systems using an agitated batch adsorbent rice straw, soybean hull, sugar bagasse. The biosorption of cadmium and lead ion from artificial aqueous solution using waste baker’s yeast biomass [10] was investigated by Goksungur et al. Akar et al. carried out a study on Pb2+ accumulation on the surface of Botrytis cinerea [11]. Padmavathy et al. worked on the biosorption of nickel(II) ions by deactivated protonated yeast [12]. Partially