Fibromatosis colli is an uncommon benign, congenital fibrous tumor or pseudotumor of the sternocleidomastoid muscle that manifests in infancy. In some of these patients tightening of the muscle results in torticollis. We report the case of a 3-week-old child, who presented with a neck mass localized in the left side with reduced mobility of the head. The diagnosis of fibromatosis colli was raised by ultrasound sonography. The mass regressed spontaneously within 3 months without surgical or physical treatment. 1. Introduction Fibromatosis colli, also known as “sternocleidomastoid pseudotumor of infancy,” is an uncommon benign lesion of the spindle cells of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle [1–6]. The term “tumour” is a misnomer because it is not a cancerous condition but it is referred to as a congenital fibrotic process, so in this particular context the word tumour simply means swelling. This lesion affects infants with an incidence of 0.4%. It is usually unilateral, affects the right side in 75% of cases, and affects male patients slightly more often than female patients [5, 6]. History of complicated delivery and birth injury is associated in more than 50% of cases [2–6]. It typically presents as a palpable solid mass of the anterior part of the neck over the SCM muscle. The mass is not present at birth but tends to appear between the 2nd and 4th week of life. We present here the case of a 3-week-old female child who showed a swelling left laterocervical tumefaction and hypomobility of the head from the first weeks of life. The ultrasound (US) of the lesion led to the diagnosis of fibromatosis colli. A new ultrasound examination performed at the age of 3 months showed a rapid regression of the lesion without the need of any kind of treatment. 2. Case Report A 3-week-old girl was referred by her pediatrician to the “Pediatric Operative Unit” of the Hospital “Moriggia-Pelascini,” Gravedona, Como, Italy, for an ultrasound evaluation of a tumefaction of the neck. The girl was born after forceps delivery at 38 weeks of gestation, with a birth-weight of 2,950？gr, height of 49？cm, and head circumference of 35？cm. Family history was negative for fibrous tissue tumors or congenital torticollis. The girl is the first born child of healthy nonconsanguineous parents. The mother denied having had infectious diseases during pregnancy and having taken drugs or alcohol. For personal reasons the family moved to Catania and the girl was admitted to the Pediatric Operative Unit of Hospital Vittorio Emanuele, Catania, Italy. On physical examination, the girl showed
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