In reconstructive surgery, the fresh frozen homologous bone (FFB) represents a valid alternative to the autologous bone, because FFB allows bone regeneration thanks to its osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties. The purpose of this work is to describe the surgical-implant-prosthetic treatment of two complex cases using FFB. In particular, fresh frozen homologous bone grafts were used to correct the severe atrophy of the maxilla, and, then, once the graft integration was obtained, implant therapy was performed and implants placed in native bone were immediately loaded. 1. Introduction The implant-prosthetic rehabilitation is a current practice in clinic dentistry and is characterized by safe and predictable results in the long term [1]. However, in order to obtain the success of implant therapy, in the preliminary stages it is essential to assess and classify the amount of available bone. In fact, this evaluation is fundamental for the correct implant placement, according to the principles of modern prosthetically driven implant placement [2]. Several classifications have been proposed to assess the amount of available bone. In the Lekholm and Zarb [3] classification (1985), the jaw bone shape is classified on a five degree scale. Cawood and Howell [4] (1988) proposed another classification that differentiates the atrophies according to an analysis of three-dimensional alveolar ridges. The presence of unfavorable crestal anatomy, which may result from different situations such as atrophy, periodontal disease, iatrogenic or congenital defects, trauma, or oncological resection, is not an absolute contraindication to dental implant placement. In fact, with the advances and evolution occurring in implant dentistry, new surgical techniques have been developed and refined in order to allow the correction of bone defects and the implant-prosthetic management of compromised sites. One of the most common procedures for the correction of bone defects involves autologous (or autogenous) bone grafting (bone is harvested from the patient’s own body). Autologous bone is typically harvested from intraoral sources [5] as the chin, the mandibular ramous, the tuber maxilla or from extraoral sources as the iliac crest, the fibula, and even parts of the skull [6]. Other graft materials, which are used in clinical practice, are the xenograft bone substitutes, derived from a species other than human, such as bovine, the allograft bone, like autogenous bone which is derived from humans, and at last, the artificial bone, such as bioglass, hydroxyapatite, or calcium
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