Product control in statistical quality control is the methodology that deals with procedures for taking decisions about one or more lots of finished products manufactured by production processes. Sampling inspection by variables is one of the major classifications of product control and comprises procedures for deciding about the disposition of a lot of individual units based on sample measurements of units on a quality characteristic under study. These procedures are defined under the assumption that the quality characteristic is measurable on a continuous scale, and the functional form of the probability distribution must be known. Inspection procedures which have been developed under the implicit assumption that the quality characteristic is distributed as normal with the related properties are found in the literature of product control. The assumption of normality may not be realized often in practice, and it becomes indispensable to investigate the properties of sampling plans based on nonnormal distributions. In this paper, a single sampling plan by variables is formulated and evaluated when the quality characteristic is assumed to be distributed according to a Pareto distribution. A procedure is developed for determining the parameters of the plan for specified requirements to ensure protection to both the producer and consumer. 1. Introduction Sampling inspection is an activity for taking decisions on one or more lots of finished products which have been submitted for inspection. The decision of either acceptance or rejection of the lots is usually taken by adopting suitable sampling inspection procedures called sampling plans. Sampling plans are generally categorized into two types, namely, lot-by-lot sampling by attributes and lot-by-lot sampling by variables. In lot-by-lot inspection by attributes, one or more samples of items are drawn from a given lot of manufactured items; each item in the sample(s) is classified as conforming or nonconforming, and the decision of acceptance or rejection of the lot is made based on a specific rule. In lot-by-lot inspection by variables, one or more samples of items are drawn from a given lot; the measurement of a quality characteristic in each sampled item is recorded, and the decision of acceptance or rejection of the lot is made as a function of such measurements. The theory of inspection by variables is applicable when the quality characteristic of sampled items is measurable on a continuous scale and the functional form of the probability distribution is assumed to be known. A variables sampling is
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