CuO-CeO2 nanocomposite is reported as a highly efficient recyclable catalyst that is applied for the synthesis of Aryl-14H-dibenzo[a-j]xanthenes under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was synthesized by coprecipitation method and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), BET specific surface area, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis. The copper nanoparticles are dispersed as fine and amorphous phases on the surface of ceria and made nanoclusters with average size of about 33？nm. This catalyst can be recovered by simple filtration and recycled up to 8 consecutive runs without any losing of its efficiency. This procedure provides several advantages such as simple workup, mild reaction conditions, short reaction times, and high yields of the products. 1. Introduction In recent years, nanocatalysis has emerged as a sustainable and competitive alternative to conventional catalyst since the nanoparticles possess a high-surface-to-volume ratio, which enhances their activity and selectivity, while, at the same time, maintaining the intrinsic features of a heterogeneous catalyst [1]. In particular, nanocrystalline oxides have proved to be useful to chemists in the laboratory and industry due to the good activation of adsorbed compounds and reaction rate enhancement, selectivity, easier workup and recyclability of the supports, and the eco-friendly green reaction conditions [2–6]. Also, the practical applications of nanocomposite metal oxides as the catalysts in organic synthesis have been increased due to their high catalytic activity because of the high surface area [7, 8]. The recyclability of the catalyst is the added advantage in the case of these catalysts. The catalytic activity of CuO-CeO2 nanocomposite is well known for the oxidation of CO in H2-rich streams [9]. Xanthene derivatives are important class of compounds that received significant attention from many pharmaceutical and organic chemists because of the broad spectrum of their biological and pharmaceutical properties such as antibacterial [10], anti-inflammatory [11], and antivirial properties [12]. Furthermore, these compounds are used as dyes and fluorescent material for visualization of biomolecules and in laser technologies due to their useful spectroscopic properties [13, 14]. Aryl-14H-dibenzo[a-j]xanthenes are among the most important classes in the family of xanthenes due to their distinctive structures and great potential for the further transformations [15]. Various methods have been reported for the synthesis
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