A novel nanozirconium tungstovanadate that was assigned as a cation exchanger was synthetized using sol-gel preparation technique. The response of synthesis parameter variation on the properties of the produced ion exchanger was elucidated. The reactant molar ratio, gelation temperature, and HCl concentration have been optimized to attain cation exchanger with high ion exchange capacity and lead ion sorption. The most proper prepared sample has been chemically and physically characterized using different techniques. The ion exchange capacity of this sample was 2.5？meq/g and it recoded 96% lead ion sorption. The effects of the different processing parameters that affect lead sorption process have been investigated by a single factor method. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to the experimental data to examine the lead uptake mechanism. 1. Introduction Growing attention is being given to the potential health hazard posed by heavy metals in the environment. The major sources of heavy metal contamination are considered to be from industries such as lead from petrol based industries; chromium from chrome plating, petroleum refining, leather, tanning, wood preserving, textile manufacturing, and pulp processing industries; zinc from paint, rubber, dye, wood preservatives, ointments, and electroplating industries; and nickel from galvanized, paint and powder batteries processing industries [1]. Although this issue has been studied for many years, effective treatment options are still limited. Chemical precipitation, adsorption, reverse osmosis, and ion exchange processes are the most common techniques utilized for removing heavy metals ions from dilute aqueous streams [2]. Lead is one of the most dangerous pollutants; even at low concentrations, it is extremely toxic, causing brain damage in children [3]. The ion exchange separation technique is characterized over the other separation techniques by its simplicity and because it is cheap and not energy consumable. Accordingly, the ion exchange process represents the most suitable technique for lead ion separation from polluted wastewaters. There are various types of ion exchange materials that are suitable to be utilized for the ion exchange process from either the organic or inorganic nature. Recently, synthetic inorganic ion exchangers have gained much attention owing to their high selectivity for certain elements, good sorption kinetics and specially their greater stability to heat, ionizing radiation and different chemical media. Heteropolyacid salts are special compounds with two or more
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