Extraction of Transmission Parameters for Siting and Sizing of Distributed Energy Sources in Distribution Network

This paper introduces a novel method for sitting and sizing the grid connected distributed generator (DG) for installation in distribution system at any input load condition, which is based on two port transmission equations, named as modified transmission parameters (MTP) method by considering the loss minimization as a constraint. If properly organized, with the help of various transmission parameters optimal DG allocation with minimum transmission losses, contribution of DG as well as the main supply source to each load, type of DG required to handle the existing power flow scenario, and operating power factor at which DG should operate can be easily investigated. Apart from this the author has also investigated the worst location for DG installation and referred to it as Consecutive Bus. The method has been tested on two test distribution systems with varying sizes and intricacy and the results have been compared with the two established methods reported earlier. Relative study presented has shown that the proposed method leads existing methods in terms of its simplicity, computational time, and handling less number of variables. 1. Introduction It is universally acknowledged that distributed generator (DG) is perched to become a key element in our future energy generation. DGs are generally defined as the generating plants serving a customer on-site or providing support to a distribution network, connected to the grid at distribution-level voltages [1]. The main reasons for continuous growth in incursion of DG are the environmental concerns, insufficiency of energy sources, constraints on building new transmission and distribution lines, technological advances in small generators, power electronics, and energy storage devices for transient backup, but it was also observed that improper siting or sizing of DG can counter effect the system [2]. Apart from providing the solution to most of the power network problems they are adding new problems as well, such as their grid connection, pricing, change in protection scheme, and limits on the number of DG connections in the weak grids, and also the addition of DGs may increase real power flow back to grid causing voltage rise or increase reactive power flow into feeder causing voltage to fall. Thus it is clear that DGs come with lots of benefits as well as challenges that is why the problem of DG planning has recently received much attention by power system researchers so as to garner maximum benefit from this upcoming power generation technology without violating the existing power system infrastructure.