全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

Dielectric Properties of La2O3 Doped Composite (PbxSr1?x)TiO3 Borosilicate Glass Ceramic

DOI: 10.1155/2013/879758

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

Ferroelectric (PbxSr1?x)TiO3 (PST) perovskite phase has been crystallized in borosilicate glassy matrix with a suitable choice of composition and heat treatment schedule. La2O3 is a donor dopant for PST and can make it semiconducting. Dispersion of semiconducting perovskite phase in insulating glassy matrix in glass-ceramic samples may lead to the formation of space charge polarization around crystal-glass interface, leading to a high value of effective dielectric constant, . Therefore, with the aim of the developing glass ceramics with high dielectric constant, glasses in the system 64[(PbxSr1?x)O·TiO2]-25[2SiO2·B2O3]-5[K2O]-5[BaO]-1[La2O3] have been prepared ( ). It is found that the addition of La2O3 strongly affected the crystallization and dielectric behavior of glass-ceramic with PST perovskite phase. All glass ceramic samples show a diffuse broad Curie peak in their versus T plots. Curie peak temperature, , depends on compositions of the glass-ceramic samples as well as frequency of measurements. 1. Introduction Lead titanate is a ferroelectric material having a cubic crystal structure similar to BaTiO3 with a high Curie point (490°C). On decreasing the temperature through the Curie point a phase transition from paraelectric cubic phase to ferroelectric tetragonal phase takes place [1]. In recent years a considerable amount of work has been done on the ferroelectric properties of BaTiO3. In addition to BaTiO3, there are other different perovskites which have been reported as ferroelectrics [2]. On heating, BaTiO3 undergoes a ferroelectric/paraelectric phase transition to the cubic polymorphism at a Curie temperature, , of ~130°C, at which high value of dielectric constant is 10,000 in undoped ceramic samples. The phase transition is first order, and the peak in is correspondingly sharp [3]. PbTiO3 shows higher temperature applications, since its Curie temperature, , has been reported to lie in the neighborhood of 500°C (490°C). Moreover the axial ratio for PbTiO3 in the tetragonal phase is 1.063, markedly larger than that in BaTiO3. Hence it is expected that PbTiO3 should possess outstanding ferroelectric properties. PbTiO3 and SrTiO3 ceramics are well known to form solid solution (PbxSr1?x)TiO3 (PT-ST) with each other over the entire range of composition, that is, for . Curie temperature, , is one parameter, which is very sensitive to the composition, . , of PT-ST solid solution series that has been reported to vary linearly with composition “ ” [4]. These ceramics with donor doping have high-value dielectric constant due to space charge

References

[1]  K. M. Rittenmyer and R. Y. Ting, “Piezoelectric and dielectric properties of calcium and samarium modified lead titanate ceramics for hydroacoustic applications,” Ferroelectrics, vol. 110, pp. 171–182, 1990.
[2]  V. G. Bhide, K. G. Deshmukh, and M. S. Hegde, “Ferroelectric properties of PbTiO3,” Physica, vol. 28, no. 9, pp. 871–876, 1962.
[3]  M. E. Lines and A. M. Glass, Principles of Ferroelectrics and Related Materials, Clarendon Press, Oxford, UK, 1977.
[4]  S. Subrahmanyam and E. Goo, “Nucleation of the ferroelectric phase in the (PbxSr1?x)TiO3 system,” Acta Materialia, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 817–822, 1998.
[5]  I. Burn and S. Neirman, “Dielectric properties of donor-doped polycrystalline SrTiO3,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 17, no. 12, pp. 3510–3524, 1982.
[6]  C. G. Bergeron and C. K. Russell, “Nucleation and growth of lead titanate from a glass,” Journal of American Ceramic Society, vol. 48, no. 3, pp. 115–118, 1965.
[7]  D. G. Grossman and J. O. Isard, “Lead titanate glass-ceramics,” Journal of American Ceramic Society, vol. 52, pp. 230–231, 1969.
[8]  D. G. Grossman and J. O. Isard, “Crystal clamping in PbTiO3 glass-ceramics,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 4, no. 12, pp. 1059–1063, 1969.
[9]  S. M. Lynch and J. E. Shelby, “Crystal clamping in lead titanate glass-ceramics,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol. 67, no. 6, pp. 424–427, 1984.
[10]  T. Kokubo and M. Tashiro, “Dielectric properties of fine-grained PbTiO3 crystals precipitated in a glass,” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 328–340, 1974.
[11]  W. Mianxue and Z. Peinan, “Piezoelectricity, pyroelectricity and ferroelectricity in glass ceramics based on PbTiO3,” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, vol. 84, no. 1–3, pp. 344–351, 1986.
[12]  J. J. Shyu and Y. S. Yang, “Crystallization of a PbO-BaO-TiO2-Al2O3-SiO2 glass,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol. 78, no. 6, pp. 1463–1468, 1995.
[13]  A. Bahrami, Z. A. Nemati, P. Alizadeh, and M. Bolandi, “Crystallization and electrical properties of [(Pb1?xSrx)·TiO3][(2SiO2· B2O3)][K2O] glass-ceramics,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 206, no. 1–3, pp. 126–131, 2008.
[14]  S. Golezardi, V. K. Marghussian, A. Beitollahi, and S. M. Mirkazemi, “Crystallization behavior, microstructure and dielectric properties of lead titanate glass ceramics in the presence of Bi2O3 as a nucleating agent,” Journal of the European Ceramic Society, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 1453–1460, 2010.
[15]  K. Saegusa, “PbTiO3-PbO-B2O3 glass-ceramics by a sol-gel process,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol. 79, no. 12, pp. 3282–3288, 1996.
[16]  W. N. Lawless, “Three application areas for strontium titanate glass-ceramics,” Ferroelectrics, vol. 3, pp. 287–293, 1971.
[17]  W. N. Lawless, “Some low-temperature properties and applications of SrTiO3 crystallized from glass,” Ferroelectrics, vol. 7, pp. 379–381, 1974.
[18]  S. L. Swartz, M. T. Lanagan, W. A. Schulze, and L. E. Cross, “Dielectric properties of SrTiO3 glass-ceramics,” Ferroelectrics, vol. 50, pp. 313–318, 1983.
[19]  S. L. Swartz, A. S. Bhalla, L. E. Cross, C. F. Clark, and W. N. Lawless, “Low-temperature dielectric properties of SrTiO3 glass-ceramics,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 60, no. 6, pp. 2069–2081, 1986.
[20]  S. L. Swartz, E. Breval, and A. S. Bhalla, “Effect of nucleation on the crystallization and dielectric properties of strontium titanate glass-ceramics,” American Ceramic Society Bulletin, vol. 67, no. 4, pp. 763–770, 1988.
[21]  S. L. Swartz, E. Breval, C. A. Randall, and B. H. Fox, “SrTiO3 glass ceramics—part I Crystallization and microstructure,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 3997–4003, 1988.
[22]  S. L. Swartz, A. S. Bhalla, L. E. Cross, and W. N. Lawless, “SrTiO3 glass ceramics—part II dielectric properties,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 4004–4012, 1988.
[23]  O. P. Thakur, Crystallization, microstructure and dielectric behavior of strontium titanate borosilicate glass ceramics with some additives [Ph.D. thesis], Banaras Hindu University Varanasi, Varanasi, India, 1998.
[24]  O. P. Thakur, D. Kumar, O. M. Parkash, and L. Pandey, “Crystallization and microstructural behaviour of strontium titanate borosilicate glass ceramics with Bi2O3 addition,” Bulletin of Materials Science, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 67–77, 1997.
[25]  O. P. Thakur, D. Kumar, O. Parkash, and L. Pandey, “Effect of K2O addition on crystallization and microstructural behaviour of the strontium titanate-borosilicate glass-ceramic system,” Materials Letters, vol. 23, no. 4–6, pp. 253–260, 1995.
[26]  A. K. Sahu, D. Kumar, O. Parkash, O. P. Thakur, and C. Prakash, “Effect of K2O/BaO ratio on crystallization, microstructure and dielectric properties of strontium titanate borosilicate glass ceramics,” Ceramics International, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 477–483, 2004.
[27]  C. R. Gautam, D. Kumar, and O. Parkash, “Crystallization behavior and microstructural analysis of lead-rich (Pb1?xSrx)TiO3 glass ceramics containing 1 mole% La2O,” Advance Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 2011, pp. 1–11, 2011.
[28]  D. Kumar, C. R. Gautam, and O. Parkash, “Preparation and dielectric characterization of ferroelectric (PbxSr1?x)TiO3 glass ceramics doped with La2O3,” Applied Physics Letters, vol. 89, no. 11, Article ID 112908, 2006.
[29]  C. R. Gautam, Prabhakar Singh, O. P. Thakur, D. Kumar, and O. Parkash, “Synthesis, structure and impedance spectroscopic analysis of [(PbxSr1?x)·OTiO2]?[(2SiO2· B2O3)]?7[BaO]?3[K2O] glass ceramic system doped with La2O3,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 47, pp. 6652–6664, 2012.
[30]  A. K. Sahu, D. Kumar, O. Parkash, O. P. Thakur, and C. Prakash, “Dielectric properties of [(Pb1?xSrx)O·TiO2)]?[2SiO2· B2O3]?[K2O] glass ceramics,” British Ceramic Transactions, vol. 102, no. 4, pp. 148–152, 2003.
[31]  K. Uchino, E. Sadanaga, and T. Hirose, “Dependence of the crystal structure on particle size in barium titanate,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, vol. 72, no. 8, pp. 1555–1558, 1989.
[32]  K. Kinoshita and A. Yamaji, “Grain-size effects on dielectric properties in barium titanate ceramics,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 371–373, 1976.
[33]  A. K. Sahu, D. Kumar, and O. Parkash, “Crystallisation of lead strontium titanate perovskite phase in [(Pb1?xSrx)O·TiO2]?[2SiO2· B2O3]?[K2O] glass ceramics,” British Ceramic Transactions, vol. 102, no. 4, pp. 139–147, 2003.
[34]  J. C. Burfoot, Polar Dielectrics and Their Application, Ferroelectrics, Van Nostrand, New York, NY, USA, 1966.
[35]  B. Jaffe, W. R. Cook Jr., and H. Jaffe, Piezoelectric Ceramics, Academic Press, London, UK, 1971.
[36]  O. P. Thakur, D. Kumar, O. Parkash, and L. Pandey, “Crystallization, microstructure development and dielectric behaviour of glass ceramics in the system [SrO ·TiO2]?[2SiO2· B2O3]?La2O3,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 2597–2606, 2002.
[37]  F. D. Morrison, D. C. Sinclair, and A. R. West, “Electrical and structural characteristics of lanthanum-doped barium titanate ceramics,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 86, no. 11, pp. 6355–6366, 1999.
[38]  C. R. Gautam, D. Kumar, and O. Parkash, “Dielectric and impedance spectroscopic studies of (Sr1?xPbx)TiO3 glass ceramics with addition of Nb2O5,” Bulletin of Materials Science, vol. 34, pp. 1–7, 2011.
[39]  C. R. Gautam, D. Kumar, P. Singh, and O. Parkash, “Study of impedance spectroscopy of ferroelectric (Pb Sr)TiO3glass ceramic system with addition of La2O3,” ISRN Spectroscopy, vol. 2012, pp. 1–11, 2012.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133