全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...

Prevalence and Incidence of Syphilis among Volunteer Blood Donors in Israel

DOI: 10.1155/2014/154048

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

Data of 1,290,222 volunteer blood donors, in a 5-year period, was analyzed for prevalence and incidence of syphilis. Subsequent testing of donations positive in Treponema pallidum hemagglutination assay included Venereal Disease Research Laboratory and fluorescent Treponemal antibody absorption. Stepwise logistic regression model was used to identify positive syphilis serology. Prevalence of syphilis was 47?:?100,000, similar in men and women and increased significantly with age ( ). Native Israelis had the lowest prevalence rate of syphilis (21?:?100,000), while a significantly higher prevalence was found among immigrants from Africa, Eastern Europe, and South America (odds ratios of 19.0, 10.8, and 7.3, resp., for each). About 33.2% of the seropositive donors had evidence of recent infection, and 66.8% had past infections. Incidence rate reached 8?:?100,000 person-years. Coinfection with HIV, HCV, and HBV was calculated as 8%, 1.88%, and 0.37% for positive donations, respectively. The data support the need to continue screening blood donors in Israel for syphilis and employ preventive measures to populations at risk, in order to improve public health, blood safety, and quality. A subsequent study to assess blood donors’ knowledge, attitude, and behavior is planned. In times of global migration this information may be useful to blood services worldwide. 1. Introduction Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by Treponema pallidum, which can also be transmitted via accidental direct inoculation, transplacenta during pregnancy, and, rarely, via blood transfusion [1, 2]. Although the value of routine serologic screening of blood donors for syphilis has been a question in debate for years [3–5], and refrigerated blood components are less infective for syphilis, transmissions through blood components still occur [6]. Therefore, standard operating procedures of blood establishments worldwide include demands/recommendations for such screening [7, 8]. New draft guidance for screening, testing, and management of blood donors and components was recently distributed by the FDA [9]. In many parts of the world, the incidence and prevalence of syphilis still remain high in both volunteer and family/replacement blood donors [10–15]. There are numerous reports in high-risk groups in the literature, both from developed and developing countries, indicating rising prevalence and incidence of syphilis [16–20]. In Israel, screening tests for syphilis are conducted in community STD clinics for the general and high-risk populations, by the National Blood

References

[1]  E. Van Dyck, R. Musonda, L. Zekeng et al., “Study Group on Heterogeneity of HIV Epidemics in Zeltser R, Kurban AK. Syphilis,” Clinics in Dermatology, vol. 22, pp. 461–468, 2004.
[2]  C. Gardella, A. A. Marfin, R. H. Kahn, E. Swint, and L. E. Markowitz, “Persons with early syphilis identified through blood or plasma donation screening in the United States,” Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 185, no. 4, pp. 545–549, 2002.
[3]  J. Case, “Serologic test for syphilis: a discredited surrogate test for HIV infection,” Transfusion, vol. 38, no. 2, p. 218, 1998.
[4]  S. Orton, “Syphilis and blood donors: what we know, what we do not know, and what we need to know,” Transfusion Medicine Reviews, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. 282–291, 2001.
[5]  L. M. Katz, “A test that won't die: the serologic test for syphilis,” Transfusion, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 617–619, 2009.
[6]  S. Attaullah, S. Khan, and J. Khan, “Trend of transfusion transmitted infections frequency in blood donors: provide a road map for its prevention and control,” Journal of Translational Medicine, vol. 10, no. 1, article 20, 2012.
[7]  Standards for Blood Banks and Transfusion Services, AABB, 28th edition, 2012.
[8]  Guide for the Preparation: Recommendation for Screening, Testing and Management of Blood Donors and Blood Components Based on Screening Tests for Syphilis, European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and Healthcare, 16th edition, 2011.
[9]  Guidance for the Industry: Recommendation for Screening, Testing and Management of Blood Donors and Blood Components Based on Screening Tests For Syphilis, FDA, CBER, 2013.
[10]  M. L. K. Mogtomo, S. L. Fomekong, H. F. Kuate, and A. N. Ngane, “Screening of infectious microorganisms in blood banks in Douala (1995–2004),” Cahiers Sante, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2009.
[11]  S. Zou, E. P. Notari, C. T. Fang, S. L. Stramer, and R. Y. Dodd, “Current value of serologic test for syphilis as a surrogate marker for blood-borne viral infections among blood donors in the United States,” Transfusion, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 655–661, 2009.
[12]  J. Liu, Y. Huang, J. Wang et al., “The increasing prevalence of serologic markers for syphilis among Chinese blood donors in 2008 through 2010 during a syphilis epidemic,” Transfusion, vol. 52, pp. 1741–1749, 2012.
[13]  Z. H. Ji, C. Y. Li, Y. G. Lv et al., “The prevalence and trends of transfusion-transmissible infectious pathogens among first-time, voluntary blood donors in Xi'an, China between 1999 and 2009,” International Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 17, pp. 259–262, 2013.
[14]  J. J. Noubiap, W. Y. Joko, J. R. Nansseu, U. G. Tene, and C. Siaka, “Sero-epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, and syphilis infections among first-time blood donors in Edéa, Cameroon,” International Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 17, no. 10, pp. e832–e837, 2013.
[15]  S. L. Gottlieb, V. Pope, M. R. Sternberg et al., “Prevalence of syphilis seroreactivity in the United States: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 2001-2004,” Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 507–511, 2008.
[16]  Department of Health and Human Services Cf DCaP National Center For HIV, STD and TB Prevention, Division of STD Prevention, 2005.
[17]  P. Pathela, S. L. Braunstein, J. A. Schillinger, C. Shepard, M. Sweeney, and S. Blank, “Men who have sex with men have a 140-fold higher risk for newly diagnosed HIV and syphilis compared with heterosexual men in New York City,” Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol. 58, no. 4, pp. 408–416, 2011.
[18]  K. Salado-Rasmussen, T. L. Katzenstein, J. Gerstoft et al., “Risk of HIV or second syphilis infection in Danish men with newly acquired syphilis in the period 2000—2010,” Sexually Transmitted Infections, vol. 89, no. 5, pp. 372–376.
[19]  E. Muldoon and F. Mulcahy, “Syphilis resurgence in Dublin, Ireland,” International Journal of STD and AIDS, vol. 22, no. 9, pp. 493–497, 2011.
[20]  C. Hao, H. Yan, H. Yang et al., “The incidence of syphilis, HIV and HCV and associated factors in a cohort of men who have sex with men in Nanjing, China,” Sexually Transmitted Infections, vol. 87, no. 3, pp. 199–201, 2011.
[21]  WHO Meeting on Prospects For the Public Health Approach To the Prevention and Care of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Countries of Eastern Europe and Central Asia, WHO European Health for All Database, 2001.
[22]  E. Hefer, L. Rubin, I. Volovik, and S. Rishpon, “Sexually transmitted disease morbidity trends in the Haifa District during 2001–2004,” Harefuah, vol. 146, no. 6, pp. 425–428, 2007.
[23]  H. Joffe, E. Bamberger, S. Nurkin et al., “Sexually transmitted diseases amon patients with human immunodeficiency virus in Northern Israel,” Israel Medical Association Journal, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 333–336, 2006.
[24]  Y. Linhart, T. Shohat, Z. Amitai et al., “Sexually transmitted infections among brothel-based sex workers in Tel-Aviv area, Israel: high prevalence of pharyngeal gonorrhoea,” International Journal of STD and AIDS, vol. 19, no. 10, pp. 656–659, 2008.
[25]  T. Brosh-Nissimov, Z. Mor, E. Avramovich et al., “Syphilis outbreak among men who have sex with men, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2008–2009,” Israel Medical Association Journal, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 152–156, 2012.
[26]  S. Nesteroff, RCPA Serology, QAP, Serology, 2004.
[27]  L. A. Jeffers and M. C. DiBartolo, “Raising health care provider awareness of sexually transmitted disease in patients over age 50,” Medsurg Nursing, vol. 20, no. 6, pp. 285–290, 2011.
[28]  J. Holden and L. Trachtman, “Increase in primary and secondary syphilis cases in older adults in Louisiana,” The Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Society, vol. 163, no. 6, pp. 308–311, 2011.
[29]  The Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics, Immigrant Population From the Former USSR, Demographic Trends, 2001.
[30]  Notifiable Infectious Diseases in Israel- 60 Years of Surveillance (1951–2010), Center For Disease Control (ICDC) and the Division of Epidemiology, Public Health Services, The Israeli MOH, 2012.
[31]  A. Buvé, H. A. Weiss, M. Laga et al., “The epidemiology of gonorrhoea, chlamydial infection and syphilis in four African cities,” AIDS, vol. 15, no. 4, pp. S79–S88, 2001.
[32]  H. Kerzman, M. S. Green, and E. Shinar, “Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection among blood donors in Israel: a case-control study between native Israelis and immigrants from the former Soviet Union,” Transfusion, vol. 47, no. 7, pp. 1189–1196, 2007.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133