The Liposuction-Induced Effects on Adiponectin and Selected Cytokines Are Not Affected by Exercise Training in Women

It has been suggested that the abrupt liposuction-induced decrease in adipose tissue could affect adipokine secretion pattern. We hypothesized that exercise training could positively impact adipokine metabolism following liposuction. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of liposuction on inflammation-related adipokines in women who were either exercise-trained or remained sedentary after surgery. Thirty-six healthy normal-weight women underwent an abdominal liposuction and two months after surgery were randomly allocated into two groups: trained (TR, , four-month exercise program) and nontrained (NT, ). Inflammation-related adipokine serum levels (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, and adiponectin) and abdominal and thigh subcutaneous adipose tissue (scAT) mRNA levels were assessed before (PRE) and six months after surgery (POST6). TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 serum levels were unchanged in both groups. In contrast, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 mRNA levels in scAT were increased, whereas adiponectin scAT mRNA and serum levels were decreased at POST6 ( , main effect for time). No changes were observed in mRNA levels of MCP-1, CD14, and CD68 in any of the groups. In conclusion, liposuction downregulates adiponectin scAT gene expression and serum levels and upregulates scAT gene expression of inflammation-related genes six months after surgery in normal-weight women, irrespective of exercise training. 1. Introduction The adipose tissue is a complex and metabolically active tissue which secretes a variety of adipokines (e.g., adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10) that play pivotal roles in metabolic regulation [1]. Thus, it has been suggested that the abrupt decrease in adipose tissue brought about by liposuction could affect adipokine secretion and, hence, the metabolic profile [2]. Previous studies on liposuction have shown somewhat conflicting results, with most reports showing no changes [2–6] while others demonstrate modest improvements [7–9] in one or more cardiometabolic risk factors, namely, insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and proinflammatory cytokine levels. However, the lack of control for the subjects’ physical activity level in these studies may be an important shortcoming as exercise may largely affect these parameters [10, 11]. For instance, we recently demonstrated [12] that a four-month exercise program was capable of improving insulin sensitivity in sedentary normal-weight women submitted to liposuction surgery whereas no change was observed in the nonexercised group. Additionally, most of these studies have evaluated obese subjects, even though