Reproductive Dynamics of Iheringichthys labrosus (Lütken, 1874) (Teleostei, Pimelodidae), in the Capivara Reservoir, Paranapanema River, Parana, Brazil
To study the reproductive dynamics of the mandi-bei？udo, Iheringichthys labrosus, in the Capivara Reservoir, Paranapanema River, Parana, Brazil, specimens were captured trimonthly from March 2001 to July 2004 at four sampling sites. The sex ratio showed a predominance of females in most of months sampled and the larger length classes. The majority of the individuals captured showed a standard length between 16 and 22？cm, with a maximal length of 27.5？cm. The size at first maturity was estimated to be 18.1 and 19.7？cm for females and males, respectively. Analysis of the temporal variation of the gonadosomatic index (GSI) and frequency of occurrence of gonadal maturation stages of males and females for the months sampled showed that I. labrosus reproduces during the whole year, with peak reproduction in November and December. There was a positive correlation between the mean values of GSI and variation in rainfall values, suggesting that this abiotic factor can influence the reproduction of this species. The mean absolute fecundity was 67274.5？ ？16562.5 oocytes, and the mean relative fecundity was 350.6？ ？186.3 oocytes per gram of total weight. 1. Introduction The order Siluriformes represents a group that is widely distributed and one of the most diverse among the Ostariophysi, comprising about 34 families, 412 genera, and more than 2400 species [1]. Among the families, the family Pimelodidae should be noted as one of largest and most diverse in freshwater environments, containing more than 300 species of fishes [2]. The pimelodid I. labrosus, known as the mandi-bei？udo, is considered a small- to medium-sized species [3–6] with a bentophagous habit [7–10]. The species has a wide geographic distribution [2], where it is one of the most dominant in Brazilian reservoirs, mainly in the Parana River basin [11]. Although it is considered an important catch in commercial fishing, there are few studies about its biology. Noteworthy among these are the recent works conducted by Santos et al. [12] and Holzbach et al. [13]. Vazzoler [3] and Wooton [14] pointed out that studies about the reproductive process are important, because the success obtained by any species is determined by the capacity of its members to reproduce in a variable environment, maintaining viable populations as a basis for mechanisms of stock maintenance. Because of this and the lack of information on the reproductive biology of this species, the aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the reproductive dynamics of I. labrosus in the reservoir of the UHE Escola de Engenharia
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