Immobilization of anti-CD34 antibody is proven to be an effective strategy to accelerate reendothelialization and thereby lower the thrombosis of blood contacting grafts. To realize highly efficient immobilization of anti-CD34 antibody, an argon cold plasma-mediated graft process was developed with PEG as spacer arm in this study. In this process, the 316L stainless steel (316LSS) model substrate was first coated with ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) followed by argon plasma treatment and PEG400 modification (EVA-PEG). The EVA-PEG was further ignited by argon plasma and then the anti-CD34 antibody was immobilized. XPS measurement indicated the successful immobilization of the EVA and the anti-CD34 antibody molecules. Compared with the anti-CD34 antibody anchored without PEG, the immobilized EVA-PEG-anti-CD34 antibody exhibited better capturing efficiency (increase about 1-fold) of specific antigen. Consequently, the endothelial cell attachment (before 12？h) and proliferation (1~4 days) were significantly improved. Further study showed that this EVA-PEG-anti-CD34 coating could reduce blood coagulation. Therefore, this cold plasma-mediated graft process with PEG spacer arm developed here is a promising strategy to immobilize antibody with higher bioactivity for rapid reendothelialization of the cardiovascular implants. 1. Introduction Coronary artery stenting has made tremendous success in the treatment of coronary artery disease [1–3]. In particular, the drug-eluting stents, which incorporate drugs that can effectively reduce the proliferation and migration of smooth muscle, have been developed and several clinically proven products (Cypher, Taxus, etc.) are currently available on market [2, 3]. Unfortunately, the Late Angiographic Stent Thrombosis (LAST) continues to be a major challenge, which often leads to the failure of stent implantation in clinic. It is well-accepted that the poor endothelium-paving, either due to the injury to and loss of the endothelium or the retard endothelialization in/after implantation, is the important contributor to this thrombosis [4–6]. Therefore, from this viewpoint, accelerating reendothelialization or relining at denudated regions after implantation should be the most effective strategy to improve the clinic patency rate, particularly in small and medium diameter vascular prostheses. To achieve rapid reendothelialization, many different approaches have been developed in the past few years, including active endothelial cell coating [7, 8] and EC-compatible layer [9]. Among them, anti-CD34 antibody-grafted stent,
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