全部 标题 作者
关键词 摘要

OALib Journal期刊
ISSN: 2333-9721
费用:99美元

查看量下载量

相关文章

更多...
PLOS ONE  2014 

Land Planarian Assemblages in Protected Areas of the Interior Atlantic Forest: Implications for Conservation

DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090513

Full-Text   Cite this paper   Add to My Lib

Abstract:

Land planarians are an interesting group of free-living flatworms that can be useful as bioindicators because of their high sensitivity to environmental changes and low dispersal capacity. In this study, we describe and compare assemblages of land planarians from areas with different conservation degrees of the Interior Atlantic Forest (Misiones, Argentina), and assess factors that could be related to their abundance and richness. Eight sites were tracked in search of land planarians in Reserva de Vida Silvestre Urugua-í (RVSU) and Campo Anexo Manuel Belgrano (CAMB). Diurnal and nocturnal surveys were performed in each site along nine sampling campaigns. We collected 237 individuals belonging to 18 species of the subfamily Geoplaninae. All sites were dominated by Geoplana sp. 1 and Pasipha hauseri. The richness estimators showed that there would be more species in RVSU than in CAMB. The abundance and richness of land planarians was high during the night and after rainfalls, suggesting an increased activity of flatworms under such conditions. The abundance and richness of land planarians were also related to the conservation condition of the sites. Disturbed sites showed less abundance and richness, and were segregated from non-disturbed ones by nmMDS analysis. Beta diversity between sites was higher than expected, indicating that the species turnover between sites contributed more to the total richness (gamma diversity) than the alpha diversity.

References

[1]  Sluys R (1999) Global diversity of land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola): a new indicator-taxon in biodiversity and conservation studies. Biodivers Conserv 8: 1663–1681.
[2]  Kawaguti S (1932) On the physiology of land planarians. Mem Fac Sci Agr Taihoku Imp Univ 7: 15–55.
[3]  Sluys R (1998) Land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) in bio-diversity and conservation studies. Pedobiologia 42: 490–494.
[4]  Estes JA, Terborgh J, Brashares JS, Power ME, Berger J, et al. (2011) Trophic downgrading of planet Earth. Science 333: 301–306. doi: 10.1126/science.1205106
[5]  Carbayo F, Leal-Zanchet AM, Vieira EM (2002) Terrestrial flatworm (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Terricola) diversity versus man-induced disturbance in an ombrophilous forest in southern Brazil. Biodivers Conserv 11: 1091–1104.
[6]  Ogren RE (1995) Predation behaviour of land planarians. Hydrobiologia 305: 105–111. doi: 10.1007/bf00036370
[7]  Prasniski MET, Leal-Zanchet AM (2009) Predatory behaviour of the land flatworm Notogynaphallia abundans (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida). Zoologia 26: 606–612. doi: 10.1590/s1984-46702009005000011
[8]  Terrace TE, Baker GH (1994) The blue land planarian, Caenoplana coerulea Moseley (Tricladida: Geoplanidae), a predator of Ommatoiulus moreleti (Lucas) (Diplopoda: Julidae) in Southern Australia. Aust J Entomol 33: 371–372. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-6055.1994.tb01250.x
[9]  Terrace TE, Baker GH (1996) Predation of earthworms by the land planarian, Australoplana sanguinea (Moseley) var. alba (Dendy) sensu Jones, 1981 (Tricladida: Geoplanidae). Tran R Soc S Aust 120: 177–178.
[10]  Winsor L, Johns PM, Barker GM (2004) Terrestrial planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Terricola) predaceous on terrestrial gastropods. In: Barker GM, editor. Natural enemies of terrestrial molluscs. Wallingford: CAB International.pp. 227–277.
[11]  Carbayo F, Froehlich EM, Leal-Zanchet AM, Amato SB (2009) Turbelários (Platyhelminthes). In: Moreira da Rocha R, Pereira Boeger WA, editors. Estado da arte e perspectivas para a Zoologia no Brasil. Paraná: Editora da Universidade Federal do Paraná. pp. 49–64.
[12]  Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, da Fonseca GAB, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853–858. doi: 10.1038/35002501
[13]  Galindo-Leal C, Camara IG (2003) The Atlantic Forest of South America: biodiversity status, threats, and outlook. Washington DC: Center for Applied Biodiversity Science and Island Press. 489 p.
[14]  Ribeiro MC, Metzger JP, Martensen AC, Ponzoni FJ, Hirota MM (2009) The Brazilian Atlantic Forest: How much is left, and how is the remaining forest distributed? Implications for conservation. Biol Conserv 142: 1141–1153. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2009.02.021
[15]  Leal-Zanchet AM, Baptista V, Miranda Campos L, Fraga Raffo J (2011) Spatial and temporal patterns of land flatworm assemblages in Brazilian Araucaria forests. Invertebr Biol 130: 25–33. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7410.2010.00215.x
[16]  Antunes MB, Marques DIL, Leal-Zanchet AM (2008) Composi??o das comunidades de planárias terrestres (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) em duas áreas de floresta estacional semidecidual do sul do Brasil. Neotrop Biol Conserv 3: 34–38. doi: 10.1590/s1676-06032010000200027
[17]  Baptista VA, Leal-Zanchet AM (2010) Land flatworm community structure in a subtropical deciduous forest in Southern Brazil. Belg J Zool 140: 83–90.
[18]  Fick IA, Leal-Zanchet AM, Vieira EM (2006) Community structure of land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Terricola): comparisons between Araucaria and Atlantic forest in Southern Brazil. Invertebr Biol 125: 306–313. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7410.2006.00062.x
[19]  Carbayo F, Leal-Zanchet AM, Vieira EM (2001) Land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) as indicators of man-induced disturbance in a South Brazilian rainforest. Belg J Zool 131: 223–224.
[20]  Negrete L, Brusa F (2012) Choeradoplana crassiphalla sp. nov. (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae): a new species of land planarian from the Atlantic Forest of Argentina. Stud Neotrop Fauna Environ 47: 227–237. doi: 10.1080/01650521.2012.735071
[21]  Negrete L, Leal-Zanchet AM, Brusa F (2014) A new species of Supramontana Carbayo & Leal-Zanchet (Platyhelminthes, Continenticola, Geoplanidae) from the Interior Atlantic Forest. Zootaxa 3753: 177–186. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3753.2.7
[22]  Morrone JJ (2001) Biogeografía de América Latina y el Caribe. Zaragosa: M&T Manuales y Tesis SEA. 148 p.
[23]  Di Bitetti MS, Placci G, Dietz LA (2003) Una visión de biodiversidad para la Ecorregión del Bosque Atlántico del Alto Paraná: dise?o de un paisaje para la conservación de la biodiversidad y prioridades para las acciones de conservación. Washington DC: World Wildlife Fund. 154 p.
[24]  Giraudo AR, Povedano H, Belgrano MJ, Krauczuk E, Pardi?as U, et al.. (2003) Biodiversity Status of the Interior Atlantic Forest of Argentina. In: Galindo-Leal C, Camara IG, editors. The Atlantic Forest of South America: biodiversity status, threats, and outlook. Washington DC: Center for Applied Biodiversity Science e Island Press. pp. 160–180.
[25]  Romeis B (1989) Mikroskopische Technik. München: Urban und Schwarzenberg. 697 p.
[26]  Magurran AE (2004) Measuring biological diversity. Oxford: Blackwell Science Ltd. 256 p.
[27]  Colwell RK, Mao CX, Chang J (2004) Interpolating, extrapolating, and comparing incidence-based species accumulation curves. Ecology 85: 2717–2727. doi: 10.1890/03-0557
[28]  Gotelli NJ, Colwell RK (2001) Quantifying biodiversity: Procedures and pitfalls in the measurement and comparison of species richness. Ecol Lett 4: 379–391. doi: 10.1046/j.1461-0248.2001.00230.x
[29]  Chao A, Hwang W, Chen Y, Kuo C (2000) Estimating the number of shared species in two communities. Stat Sin 10: 227–246.
[30]  Colwell RK (2013) EstimateS: Statistical Estimation of species richness and shared species from samples. Version 9.0. Available at: http://purl.oclc.org/estimates (accessed 2013 Nov 28).
[31]  Chao A, Chazdon RL, Colwell RK, Shen T-J (2005) A new statistical approach for assessing similarity of species composition with incidence and abundance data. Ecol Lett 8: 148–159. doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00707.x
[32]  Feinsinger P (2001) Designing field studies for biodiversity conservation. Washington DC: Island Press. 212 p.
[33]  Jost L (2006) Entropy and diversity. Oikos 113: 363–375. doi: 10.1111/j.2006.0030-1299.14714.x
[34]  Jost L (2007) Partitioning diversity into independent alpha and beta components. Ecology 88: 2427–2439. doi: 10.1890/06-1736.1
[35]  Pfeiffer M, Mezger D (2012) Biodiversity assessment in incomplete inventories: leaf litter ant communities in several types of bornean rain forest. PloS ONE 7: 1–9. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040729
[36]  Moreno CE, Barragán F, Pineda E, Pavón NP (2011) Reanálisis de la diversidad alfa: alternativas para interpretar y comparar información sobre comunidades ecológicas. Rev Mex Biodiv 82: 1249–1261.
[37]  Veech JA, Crist TO (2009) Partition: software for hierarchical partitioning of species diversity, version 3.0. Available at: http://www.users.muohio.edu/cristto/part?ition.htm (accessed 2013 Nov 28).
[38]  Colwell RK, Coddington JA (1994) Estimating the extent of terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 345: 101–118. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1994.0091
[39]  Colwell RK, Coddington JA (1996) Estimating terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation. In: Hawksworth DL, editor. Biodiversity.Measurement and estimation. London: Chapman & Hall. pp. 101–118.
[40]  Baptista VA, Oliveira SM, Leal-Zanchet AM (2010) Inventário de planárias terrestres (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida) em remanescente de Floresta Estacional Decidual do Sul do Brasil. Biota Neotrop 10: 247–252. doi: 10.1590/s1676-06032010000200027
[41]  Froehlich CG (1955) On the biology of land planarians. Bol Fac Fil Ciênc Letr Zoologia 20: 263–271.
[42]  Antunes MB, Leal-Zanchet AM, Fonseca CR (2012) Habitat structure, soil properties, and food availability do not predict terrestrial flatworms occurrence in Araucaria Forest sites. Pedobiologia 55: 25–31. doi: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2011.09.010
[43]  Castro RA, Leal-Zanchet AM (2005) Composi??o de comunidades de planárias terrestres (Platyhelminthes) em áreas de floresta estacional e de campo na regi?o central do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Acta Biol Leopold 27: 147–150. doi: 10.1590/s1676-06032010000200027
[44]  Baptista VA, Matos LB, Fick IA, Leal-Zanchet AM (2006) Composi??o das comunidades de planárias terrestres (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) do Parque Nacional dos Aparados da Serra, Brasil. Iheringia Ser Zool 96: 293–297. doi: 10.1590/s0073-47212006000300004
[45]  Fonseca CR, Ganade G, Baldissera R, Becker CG, Boelter CR, et al. (2009) Towards an ecologically-sustainable forestry in the Atlantic Forest. Biol Conserv 142: 1209–1219. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2009.02.017
[46]  Moreno CE (2001) Métodos para medir la biodiversidad. Zaragosa: M&T Manuales y Tesis SEA. 84 p.

Full-Text

Contact Us

service@oalib.com

QQ:3279437679

WhatsApp +8615387084133