The efficiency of using the statistical and fractal analyses for distributions of wavelet coefficients for Mueller matrix images of biological crystal networks inherent to human tissues is theoretically grounded in this work. The authors found interrelations between statistical moments and power spectra for distributions of wavelet coefficients as well as orientation-phase changes in networks of biological crystals. Also determined are the criteria for statistical and fractal diagnostics of changes in the birefringent structure of biological crystal network, which corresponds to pathological changes in tissues. 1. Introduction In recent years, laser diagnostics aimed at the structure of biological tissues efficiently use the model approach [1], in accordance with the tissues that are considered as two components: amorphous and optically anisotropic ones. Each of these components is characterized by intrinsic matrix operators where is the extinction coefficient inherent to the layer of biological tissue with the geometric thickness Here, is the orientation of a protein fibril in the architectonic network, the matter of which introduces the phase shift between orthogonal components of the laser wave amplitudes. Topicality of this modeling is related with the possibility to apply the all-purpose Mueller matrix analysis to changes of polarization properties, which are caused by transformation of optical and geometric constitution of the anisotropic component (architectonic network of fibrils) in these biological objects [2–8]. Based on this model, there is the developed method for polarization differentiation of optical properties inherent to physiologically normal as well as pathologically changed biological tissues by using the wavelet analysis of local features observed in coordinate distributions of intensities in their coherent images. This trend in polarization diagnostics got its development in investigations of a statistical and self-similar structure of Mueller-matrix images (MMIs) that are two-dimensional distributions [9, 10] describing biological tissues. So, in the approximation of single light scattering, there was found the interrelation between a set of statistical moments of the first to fourth orders that characterize orientation ( ) and phase ( ) structures of birefringent architectonics inherent to biological tissues as well as a set of respective statistical moments for MMI [10–14]. It is ascertained that the coordinate distributions of matrix elements describing physiologically normal biological tissue possess a self-similar, fractal
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