The importance of investigating particle horizons in order to
interpret a cosmological solution of Einstein’s field equations has been
described. We have presented the formula and studied the particle horizons in
some of the cosmological models presented in our earlier papers. It is well
known that the Friedman-Robertson-Walker (F-R-W) models, the energy density of
the free gravitational field denoted byε, equivalently denoted by MacCallum parameterξ, vanishes but the particle horizons exist and thus the former has no
bearing on the latter. However, we have shown in our models presented herein
thatεis related with particle horizons. Further, it is
shown that asεgrows, the segment of the corresponding
particle horizon decreases and thus the radius of the corresponding visible
universe decreases.
References
[1]
R. C. Tolman, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of USA, Vol. 20, 1934, p. 69.
[2]
G. C. Omer, The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 109, 1949, p. 164.
[3]
H. Bondi, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 107, 1947, p. 410.
[4]
J. Krishna Rao, Current Science, Vol. 35, 1966, p. 389.
[5]
J. Krishna Rao, General Relativity and Gravitation, Vol. 2, 1971, pp. 385-386.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00758157
[6]
J. Krishna Rao, Journal of Physics (London), Vol. A5, 1972, p. 479.
[7]
J. Krishna Rao, General Relativity and Gravitation, Vol. 2, 1973, p. 351.
doi:10.1007/BF00771004
[8]
J. Krishna Rao, Pramana: Journal of Physics, Vol. 34, 1990, p. 423.
[9]
J. Krishna Rao, Journal of the Institute of Mathematics, Vol. 51, 1995, p. 57.
[10]
K. Purnachandra Rao, Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, 1997.
[11]
K. Purnachandra Rao, et al., Mathematics Today, Vol. 16, 1998, p. 25.
[12]
K. Purnachandra Rao, Mathematics Today, Vol. 17, 1999, p. 29.
[13]
K. Purnachandra Rao, Mathematics Today, Vol. 21, 2005, p. 31.
[14]
K. Purnachandra Rao, Mathematics Today, Vol. 24, 2008, p. 17.
[15]
K. Purnachandra Rao, Mathematics Today, Vol. 25, 2009, p. 34.
[16]
K. Purnachandra Rao, Mathematics Today, Vol. 27, 2011, p. 54.
[17]
M. A. H. MacCallum, In: V. D. Sabbata, Ed., The Origin and Evolution of Galaxies, World Scientific Pub. Co., 1982.
[18]
M. A. H. MacCallum, In: B. R. Iyer, A. Kembhavi, J. V. Narliker and C. V. Vishveshwara, Eds., Highlights in Gravitation and Cosmology, University Press, Cambridge, 1988.
[19]
A. K. Raychaudhuri, Physical Review, Vol. 98, 1955, pp. 1123-1126. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.98.1123
[20]
W. Rindler, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Vol. 116, 1956, p. 662.
[21]
W. Rindler, “Essential Relativity: Special, General and Cosmological,” Springer-Verlag, 1977.