Background: Mullerian
anomalies are relatively common and contributing to the problems of infertility
and poor pregnancy outcomes. But their molecular
pathophysiology has been insufficiently studied. On the other hand, polycystic
ovary syndrome (PCOS) is found in nearly 80% of women with hyperandrogenism and
also in 8%-25% of normal ones. It seems that anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) which
inhibits the formation of the mullerian ducts in male increases in women with PCOS.
Therefore, the aim of the study is whether PCOS is associated with mullerian anomalies. Methods: In this case-control
study, 83 women with PCOS and 83 cases without PCOS were evaluated with transvaginal
ultrasound (TVS) for the diagnosis of mullerian anomalies. The results of each group
were compared with other groups. Results:
In the PCOS patients, TVS revealed mullerian anomalies in the uterine cavity in
29 out of 83 women. Among 29 patients who had lesions in their uterine cavity, 27
cases had septate uterus and two had arcuate uterus. In the healthy women, TVS revealed
6 septate uterus and 4 arcuate uterus abnormality cases of the uterine cavity. There
were significant correlation between polycystic ovary syndrome of the patients
and the mullerian anomalies lesions (i.e. septate and arcuate uterus) which were seen in them. Conclusion: Mullerian anomalies were more common in women with PCOS
and the most common anomaly was uterine septum. In fact, the present results revealed
that it seemed a cause-effect
relationship between the mullerian anomalies and PCO syndrome may in fact
exist.
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