An easy and rapid method is proposed for the determination of PCBs in automotive shredder residues, using gas chromatography combined with low resolution mass spectrometry (GC-MS). It is based on direct n-hexane solid-liquid extraction, subtracting background of the lineal aliphatic hydrocarbon interferences and integration of chromatographic peaks containing selected ion PCBs masses (256, 292 and 326 m/z), which are common in all PCBs formulations. Recoveries were in the 80% -120% range; PCBs were detected and quantified in shredder samples from an automotive shredder industry, thus indicating the validity of the method.
References
[1]
J. Péra, J. Ambroise, M. Chabannet, “Valorization of Automotive Shredder Residue in Building Materials,” Cement and Concrete Research, Vol. 34, No. 4, 2004, pp. 557-562.
[2]
K. J. Kima, D. Kima, S. H. Choia, K. Chunga, K. S. Shina, F. Barlatb, K. H. Oha and J. R. Youn, “Formability of AA5182/Polypropylene/AA5182 Sandwich Sheets,” Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 139, No. 1-3, 2003, pp. 1-3.
doi:10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00173-0
[3]
J. A. S. Williams, S. Wongweragiat, X. Qu, J. B. McGlinch, W. Bonawi-tan, J. K. Choi and J. Schiff, “An Automotive Bulk Recycling Planning Model,” Journal of Operational Research, Vol. 177, No. 2, 2007, pp. 969-981.
[4]
Borjeson, L. Borjeson, G. Lofvenius, M. Hjelt, S. Johansson and S. Marklund, “Characterization of Automotive Shredder Residues from Two Shredding Facilities with Different Refining Processes in Sweden,” Waste Management and Research, Vol. 18, 2000, pp. 358-366.
[5]
B. Heinzow, S. Mohr, G. Ostendorp, M. Kerst and W. Korner, “PCB and Dioxin-Like PCB in Indoor Air of Public Buildings Contaminated with Different PCB Sources—Deriving Toxicity Equivalent Concentrations from Standard PCB Congeners,” Chemosphere, Vol. 67, No. 9, 2007, pp. 1746-1753.
doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.05.120
[6]
A. J. Pedersen and L. M. Ottosen, “Elemental Analysis of Ash Residue from Combustion of CCA Treated Wood Waste before and after Electrodialytic Extraction,” Chemosphere, Vol. 65, No. 1, 2006, pp. 110-116.
doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.02.021
[7]
B. Colin, “Enviromental Chemistry,” Freeman, pp. 252-272.
[8]
H. T. Joung, Y. C. Seo, K. H. Kim and Y. C. Seo, “Effects of Oxygen, Catalyst and PVC on the Formation of PCDDs, PCDFs and Dioxin-Like PCBs in Pyrolysis Products of Automobile Residues,” Chemosphere, Vol. 65, No. 9, 2006, pp. 1481-1489.
doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.018
[9]
S. Loran, S. Bayarri, P. Conchello and A. Herrera, “Risk Assessment of PCDD/PCDFs and Indicator PCBs Contamination in Spanish Commercial Baby Food,” Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 48, No. 1, 2009, pp. 145-151. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2009.09.031
[10]
S. L. Wang, C. Y. Lin, Y. L. Guo, L. Y. Lin, W. L. Chou, L. W. Chang, “Infant Exposure to Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins, Dibenzofurans and Biphenyls (PCDD/Fs, PCBs)––Correlation between Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure,” Chemosphere, Vol. 54, No. 10, 2004, pp. 1459-1473. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2003.08.012
[11]
S. Jursa, J. Chovancova, J. Petrík and J. Loksa, “Dioxin-Like and Non-Dioxin-Like PCBs in Human Serum of Slovak Population,” Chemosphere, Vol. 64, No. 4, 2006, pp. 686-691.
doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.10.048
[12]
T. Takasuga, K. Senthilkumar, T. Matsumura, K. Shiozaki and S. Sakai, “Isotope Dilution Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Transformer Oil and Global Commercial PCB Formulations by High Resolution Gas Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry,” Chemosphere, Vol. 62, No. 3, 2006, pp. 469-484. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.04.034
[13]
M. Ren, P. A. Peng, S. K. Zhang, Y. Y. Deng, B. X. Mai, G. Y. Sheng and J. M. Fu, “Determination of 2,3,7,8-Substitituted Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins-dibenzofurans and Dioxin-Like Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Environmental Samples by Gas Chromatography/High Resolution Mass Spectrometry,” Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 35, No. 2, 2007, pp. 176-180.
doi:10.1016/S1872-2040(07)60033-4
[14]
M. M. Schantza, S. Bowadt, B. A. Benner, S. A. Wisea and S. B. Hawthorneb, “Comparison of Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Soxhlet Extraction for the Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Environmental Matrix Standard Reference Materials,” Journal of Chromatography A, Vol. 816, No. 2, 1998, pp. 213-220.
