DETERMINING OPTIMUM TILT ANGLES AND ORIENTATIONS OF PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS IN NI , SERBIA

Per-for-man-ce of pho-to-vol-ta-ic (PV) so-lar mo-du-le is af-fec-ted by its ori-en-ta-ti-on and its tilt an-gle with ho-ri-zon-tal pla-ne. The-se two pa-ra-me-ters chan-ge the amo-unt of so-lar energy re-ce-i-ved by the sur-fa-ce of the PV mo-du-le. In this ex-pe-ri-ment the ro-ta-ti-o-nal so-lar mo-du-le was po-si-ti-o-ned in the pre-de-fi-ned an-gles. The so-lar mo-du-le was ro-ta-ted to-wards the East, So-uth and West and po-si-ti-o-ned for the an-gles 00, 300, 450, 600 and 900. In the-se po-si-ti-ons the va-lu-es of cur-rent, vol-ta-ge, po-wer and so-lar ra-di-a-ti-on in-ten-sity we-re me-a-su-red. The op-ti-mum po-si-ti-ons we-re de-ter-mi-ned as po-si-ti-ons in which ma-xi-mum va-lu-es of so-lar in-ten-sity and ma-xi-mum po-wer we-re re-gi-ste-red. In this ex-pe-ri-ment the ef-fect of two-axis so-lar trac-king on elec-tri-cal energy ga-in was com-pa-red to the elec-tri-cal energy ga-in of a fi-xed PV mo-du-le. This study de-ter-mi-ned that PV mo-du-le ori-en-ted to-wards the So-uth gi-ves the gre-a-test va-lue of elec-tri-cal energy for the an-gle of 300, which is the ma-xi-mum re-gi-ste-red va-lue, so it re-pre-sents the op-ti-mum fi-xed po-si-ti-on for the PV mo-du-le in August. PV mo-du-le ro-ta-ted for the-se cho-sen an-gles for the sa-me day gi-ves 24.78% mo-re elec-tri-cal energy com-pa-red to the PV mo-du-le in op-ti-mal fi-xed po-si-ti-on, So-uth 300. In-cre-a-se in so-lar ra-di-a-ti-on of 28.76% re-sults in the in-cre-a-se in po-wer of 24.78%.