MicroRNA expression profiling in recurrent anaplastic oligodendroglioma treated with postoperative radiotherapy

In anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO), genetic alternation was associated with clinical outcome. We explored radiation-associated up or downregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) in AO by comparing miRNA expression profiles in newly-diagnosed AO to recurrent AO treated with postoperative radiotherapy. We identified that 23 miRNAs were upregulated and 42 miRNAs were downregulated in recurrent AO compared with newly-diagnosed AO. Especially, the expression of MiR-124, miR-128, miR-139-5p, miR-153, miR-210, miR-582-5p, and miR-96 were highly increased in the patient with recurrent AO. In contrast, MiR-1, miR-1180, miR-133b, miR-135b, miR-1539, miR-193a-5p, miR-196a, miR-196b, miR-200b, miR-21*, miR-221*, miR-224, miR-24-1*, miR-31, miR-32*, miR-34a*, miR-34c-5p, miR-455-5p, miR-503, and miR-631 showed extremely decreased expression in the patient with recurrent AO. Our results provide meaningful data for miRNAs as molecular diagnosis and novel therapeutic targets in recurrent AO treated with radiotherapy.