The Biological Responses of Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) in Diverse Ecotypes of Sichuan

Loquats (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) have formed different ecological types in various zones during the long course of their cultivation and acclimatization. The data of biological responses and ecological suitability was very important for loquat plantation in different eco-zones. In this study, we evaluated the growth and development characters, flowering and fruiting habits and fruit quality of loquat in three diverse ecotypes of Sichuan by field survey. The results showed that in mid-subtropical damp and heat ecotype, the loquat trees grew vigorously and young shoots sprouted four times annually. The flower buds were mainly originated from the Summer shoots and the flowering stage most centered from September to December. In addition, a rapid growth stage of fruits was observed from March to April and fruit quality was fine in May. In Southern subtropical dry and hot eco-zone, young shoots might be developed four or five times annually. Flowering and fruiting could occur several times a year as the development differences of Spring and Summer shoots with flower buds differentiation without trees treatments. In the valley of Southern temperate warm and dry ecotype, the phenophase of loquat were late about 20 to 30 days. The loquat fruits were mainly originated from Summer flowerings and mature at June with more than 15% soluble solids, super quality and nice appearance. These results obtained from comprehensive investigation would provide valuable information for techniques of cultivation in distinctive ecotypes and facilitated the economic plantation for loquats in the diverse eco-zones of the world.