Fragments of Building History of New Capital in Interwar Europe Naujos sostin s tarpukario europoje statybos istorijos fragmentai

Various political transformations arose in Europe after the First World War. At this period Lithuania restored its independence. Alas, the Lithuanian historic capital was lost at the same time for a long period. So, Lithuania was the only country in the whole Europe which had to establish a new Capital. This establishment had to be realized in a short time. It was a unique and consequently quite interesting event in the urban history of Europe at that time. It was decided to carry into life a new Lithuanian capital in Kaunas. From an urban point of view Kaunas was an old town. There were remains of a rectangular network of streets as relicts from Middle Ages. Around Kaunas fortifications and various other military structures were erected. Considerable areas of oak woods were preserved for masking military manoeuvres. These relicts were conserved while planning a new town. In that stage of Kaunas growth the European practice of designing and building structures was adopted. Paying attention to Lithuanian climate new building materials were used. It is possible to notice a lot of local original solutions and innovations as well which were used in smaller towns later. Article in Lithuanian Po Pirmojo pasaulinio karo Lietuva atkūr nepriklausom valstyb . Deja, savo istorin sostin ji prarado ilgam laikui ir tapo vienintele Europos alimi, tur jusia sukurti nauj valstyb s centr – sostin . T reik jo padaryti per kuo trumpesn laiko tarp , taikantis prie moderni tarptautini ir vidaus poreiki . Tai – unikalus ir vertas i skirtinio d mesio vykis tuometin s Europos miest istorijoje. Buvo nuspr sta kurti nauj j Lietuvos sostin Kaune. Urbanistiniu po iūriu Kaunas buvo senas miestas su i likusiu, viduram iams būdingu, sta iakampiu gatvi tinklu. Aplink Kaun buvo rengti kariniai tvirtinimai ir kiti gynybiniai objektai, i lik s did iulis uol mi kas, kuris buvo skirtas karini veiksm priedangai ir kt. is palikimas buvo daug kur i saugotas planuojant nauj j miest . Kaune buvo palyginus silpnai i vystyta in inerin infrastruktūra. Spr sdami Kauno miesto pl tros ir statyb u davinius, miesto vadovai ir su technika susijusi visuomen i radingai panaudojo Europos urbanistines bei konstrukcines naujoves. D mes atkreip pastangos sukurti statini lengvumo, stiebimosi auk t spūd , vengti tradicinio slegian io monumentalumo, būdingo caro laik statyboms. vertinant Lietuvos klimato s lygas, buvo adaptuotos naujos statybin s med iagos. Galima pasteb ti ir nema a vietini originali sprendim bei naujovi , v liau diegt ir ma esniuose miestuose. Straip