Autopoiesis as Self-Creation and the Source of Creation Autopoiesis kaip savikūra ir kūrybos i takos

The article focuses on the phenomenon of creation from Varela's autopoiesis theory point of view in the context of cognitive sciences and synergetics. Creation is defined as emergence and finding of new qualities; four levels of it are distinguished: absolute, essential, normal and adaptive. It is revealed that Varela's autopoiesis is a process of creation in which autopoiesis intertwines with praxis, i.e. spontaneous and emergent development of something new is inseparable from materializing activity. The conception of endogenic source creation is analyzed taking into consideration deep philosophical insights of autopoiesis theory and positions of cognitive science alongside with downward causation conception. An attempt is made to show that the conception of endogenic source is in principle compatible with the conception of exogenic source creation (they complement each other). It should be noted that poiesis (creation) is related to the determined chaos in the human brain which forms during sleep. Article in Lithuanian Straipsnyje kūrybos fenomenas nagrin jamas artim F. Varelos teiktos autopoiesis teorijos, sinergetikos ir kognityvini moksl sandūroje. Kūryba apibr iama kaip naujos kokyb s at(si)radimas, j diferencijuojant keturis kūrybos lygius: absoliu i j , esmin , normali j ir adaptyvi j . Apibūdinama, kad F. Varelos autopoiesis yra toks kūrybinis procesas, kuriame poiesis susipina su praxis, kitaip sakant, spontani kas, emergentinis naujumo atsiradimas neatskiriamas nuo daiktinan ios veiklos, ir atvirk iai. Teikiamos endogeninio ir egzogeninio kūrybos altini koncepcijos ir parodoma, kad nors jos egzistuoja papildomumo santykyje, ta iau kūrybos procese lemiama taka priklauso egzogeniniams, t. y. i oriniams ir gal net transcendentaliems veiksniams. Straipsnis lietuvi kalba