Engine Emissions and Performances with Alternative Biodiesels: A Review

Smoke opacity, CO, NOx and other engine emissions can vary appreciably with the use of biodiesels obtained from different feedstock. Biofuel density, viscosity and bulk modulus are linked to engine performance and emissions. This paper represents an up-to-date review of engine performances and emissions with biodiesels derived from different feedstock and conventional diesel. The data indicate that biodiesel is an attractive renewable alternative fuel for diesel engines in terms of environmental benefits. Physical and chemical properties of biodiesels can have significant effects on the combustion process, which will impact on the engine performance and emissions. Based on this information, major issues in the search for suitable ingredients and processes to produce quality biodiesels have been presented. The study is of interest to sustainable development.