Treatment of Refractory Angina with Peripheral Blood-derived Stem Cell Using the Transendocardial Injection Route

Despite the development of new anti-ischemic drugs and the improvements in revascularisation techniques, a substantial proportion of patients with ischemic heart disease remain symptomatic with severe debilitating angina. The major aim of therapy for these patients should be aggressive modification of risk factors and optimising medical and interventional treatment. Nevertheless, when disease progresses and standard treatments are not possible, new strategies should be established. In this setting, treatment with peripheral blood-derived stem cells using the transendo- cardial injection is a new promising option