Neurologic Complications of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a procedure that is used for the treatment of a number of haematological diseases, solid tumours, and autoimmune disorders. In this paper, the biological principles and stages of HSTC as well as the most common neurological complications are discussed. Special attention is paid to neurological disorders derived from toxicity of the treatment, infections, and graft-versus-host disease. A clinically oriented classification of these complications is provided, focusing on the most frequent disorders in every step of the transplant.