Psychopathologie der subjektiven und intersubjektiven Zeitlichkeit

The paper first introduces the concept of implicit and explicit temporality, refer-ring to time as pre-reflectively lived vs. consciously experienced. Implicit time is based on the transcendental synthesis of inner time consciousness on the one hand, and on the conative-affective dynamics of life on the other hand. Explicit time results from an interruption or negation of implicit time and unfolds itself in the dimensions of present, past and future. It is fur-ther shown that temporality and intersubjectivity are closely connected: While implicit temporality is characterised by synchronisation with others, explicit temporality arises with states of desynchronisation, that is, of a retardation or acceleration of inner time in relation to external or social processes. On this basis, schizophrenia and melancholic depression are investigated as paradigm cases for a psycho-pathology of temporality. Schizophrenia is marked by a disturbance of the transcendental synthesis of time consciousness, resulting in a fragmentation of the intentional arc, a loss of self-coherence and in the appearance of self-disorders. Melancholia, on the other hand, is triggered by a desynchro-nisation from the social environment and further develops into a disturbance of the conative-affective dynamics of subjective life. Despite these differences, both mental illnesses bear witness of the close connection of temporality and intersubjectivity.