Superstrate CuInSe₂-Printed Solar Cells on In₂S₃/TiO₂/FTO/Glass Plates

CuInSe2 powders synthesized by ball milling were printed on In2S3/TiO2/FTO/glass substrates, resulting in superstrate solar cells. Although particle structure of CuInSe2 in the layer remained after heating at 600 °C under N2 gas, photovoltaic effects were observed; the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density were 0.45 V and 5.6 mA/cm2, respectively. The effects of annealing time on the structural, optical and photovoltaic properties of CuInSe2 were studied by scanning electron micrograph (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and UV-Vis reflectance absorption spectroscopy. The CuInSe2 solar cells were printed in air ambient without vacuum processing and without toxic and explosive chemicals (e.g., hydrazine, H2Se and H2S), which can offer a promising strategy for future research and industrial investigation into cost-effective photovoltaic systems. Key words: Photovoltaic system; Photovoltaic effects; CuInSe2 solar cells