Soil water potential during different phenological phases of coffee irrigated by center pivot Potencial de água no solo em diferentes estádios fenológicos do cafeeiro irrigado por piv central

Irrigation management can be established, considering the soil water potential, as the limiting factor for plant growth, assuming the soil water content between the field capacity and the permanent wilting point as available water for crops. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish the soil water potential interval during four different phenological phases of coffee irrigated by center pivot. The experiment was set at the experimental area of the Engineering Department at the Federal University of Lavras, in Brazil. The coffee variety planted is designated as Rubi, planted 0.8 meters apart, with rows spaced 3.5 meters apart. The treatments corresponded to the water depths applied based on different percentages of Kc and reference evapotranspiration (ET0) values. Sensors were used to measure the soil water potential interval, installed 25 centimeters depth. In order to compare the results, it was considered as the best matric potential the one that was balanced with the soil water content that resulted in the largest coffee productivity. Based on the obtained results, we verified that in the phases of fruit expansion and ripening, the best results were obtained, before the irrigations, when the soil water potential values reached -35 and -38 kPa, respectively. And in the flowering, small green and fruit expansion phases, when the values reached -31 and -32 kPa, respectively. O manejo de irriga o pode ser estabelecido considerando-se o potencial de água no solo, como fator limitante para o crescimento das plantas, assumindo o teor de água no solo entre a capacidade de campo e o ponto de murcha permanente, como água disponível para as culturas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer o intervalo de potencial matricial de água no solo para o manejo de irriga o, em quatro estádios fenológicos do cafeeiro irrigado por piv central. O experimento foi desenvolvido na área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia, na Universidade Federal de Lavras. A variedade de cafeeiro cultivado foi a "Rubi", plantada no espa amento de 3,5 x 0,80 m. Os tratamentos corresponderam a laminas de água aplicadas em fun o de percentagens de valores de Kc e da evapotranspira o de referência (ET0). Para a obten o do intervalo de potencial matricial de água no solo, foram instalados sensores de umidade tipo watermark, na profundidade de 0,25 m. Para a compara o dos resultados, considerou-se como melhor intervalo de potencial matricial, aquele em equilíbrio com o teor de água no solo, que resultou em maior produtividade da cultura. Com base nos resultados, verificou