a-amylase Expressions in Indian Type-2 Diabetic Patients

a-amylases are enzymes which hydrolyze starch molecules to give diverse products including dextrins and progressively smaller polymers composed of glucose units which causes hyperglycemia and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we estimated the a-amylase activity, HbA1C and blood glucose in Indian type 2 diabetic patients. Study groups follows: 20 Healthy subjects, 30 newly detected patients and 43 type 2 diabetics on treatment with metformin and pioglitazone combination and 30 pioglitazone alone treated. In all subjects blood sugar was estimated and anti diabetic activity criterion was taken for the diagnosis. In the same subjects fasting and post-prandial a-amylase activity was estimated, HbA1c levels were compared with a-amylase activity in healthy and treated subjects. The a-amylase activity in type 2 diabetic patients was significantly different from control subjects and significant relation between a-amylase activity and HbA1c was observed in diabetic subjects (p<0.01), in type 2 diabetic patients with HbA1c >12% showed significantly (p<0.01) higher a-amylase activity than newly diagnosed and healthy, for three months treatment in type 2 diabetic patients showed a significant controlled the blood glucose, elevated alpha amylase levels. Post-prandial a-amylase activity was markedly raised in type 2 diabetes, this could contribute to the increased in circulating blood glucose. Fasting and post-prandial a-amylase activity and lipid profiles were significantly controlled in pioglitazone alone and pioglitazone with metformin combination treated groups. This change may effect of metformin and pioglitazone on post-prandial a-amylase activity.