Progress in the Biomineralization Study of Bone and Enamel and Biomimetic Synthesis of Calcium Phosphate

Bone and enamel are typical biomineralized materials through organic matrix-mediated processes. The mineral phase in bone and enamel is mainly apatitic calcium phosphate, but their size, morphology and organization are depending on the different composition and property of the matrix in two tissues. This paper reviews the progress of biomineralization study of bone and enamel, in particular the current understanding on the hierarchical structure of the tissues, the self-assembly of matrix proteins and the mechanism of matrixa2mediated mineralization. The biomimetic synthesis of calcium phosphate for hard tissues repair and regeneration is also discussed.