Challenges Faced by the Lithuanian State from Regional Identities

The article examines how a search for identity attempted by emaitians (Samogitians), a Lithuanian local cultural group, eventually evolves into the demand that emaitian community should be recognised as an autochthonous nation, and emaitian dialect – as a separate language, with all implicit rights. Attempts to implement the idea of a self-governed region as a guarantee of reconstruction and protection of emaitian identity is the most recent and vivid representation of such proceedings. Since Lithuania’s accession to EU is increasingly perceived as a threat to cultural identity, other local cultural groups also tend to support the idea of self-governed regions. A suggestion that four (4) self-governed regions covering respective local culture distribution areas should be created in Lithuania is promoted. The authors of such demands, due to a multitude of historical, political, and social reasons, still do not have many supporters in central government bodies, and even in local communities, although in emaitija their number is greater.