Fine structure and immunohistochemical evaluation of endometrium in fertile and infertile women with implantation failure

Objectives: Being a temporary process, endometrial receptivityis the functional success of endometrial process.In this study, the fertile and recurrent implantation failure(RIF) of individuals with endometrial tissues is analyzedby Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and immunohistochemistryusing the E-cadherin. Our goal isnot only to make a comparison of endometrial tissues inwomen with RIF and fertile but also to provide a better understandingof the process and mechanics of the cellularroof during the implantation of endometrium.Materials and methods: Our research consists of seventeeninfertile women who are after In-Vitro fertilization(IVF) / embryo transfer (ET) not occur on pregnancy andten fertile women were included. Tissue follow-up wereperformed using routine light microscopy and TEM techniques.Results: In fertile group, markers of endometrial implantationin the surface epithelium, which are pinopodeswere found in heavily. In infertile group, there was prominentcilia formation, microvillus and the presence of inadequatepinopod. E-cadherin using immunohistochemistrystudy was scoring. When immune-reactivity was verypale in the epithelium of the fertile group, infertile groupsshowed a clear staining.Conclusion: Recent findings; E-cadherin transmits adhesiveproperties to receptive period of endometrial epitheliumas well as, having dual functions. Firstly, the cellsurface adhesion is provided, then the separation of epithelialcells and is thought to be suppressed to enable theinvasion of the blastocyst. Unlike TIB group, weak stainingof epithelium of the fertile group, is important to facilitateimplantation of the blastocyst.