Evaluation of left ventricular structures in normotensive and hypertensive subjects by two-dimensional echocardiography: Anthropometric correlates in hypertension

This study was conducted with the objective to establish a nomogram for some left ventricular structures and their alterations in hypertension. Correlations between left ventricular structures and anthropometric variables in hypertension were also established. A sample of 320 normotensive and 80 hypertensive subjects were studied. Echocardiograhic end diastolic diameter, posterior wall thickness and septal wall thickness were obtained. Subject height, weight, age and blood pressures were obtained. Blood pressures were measured in sitting position. The values of left ventricular mass (LVM), left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and left relative wall thickness (RWT) were computed. Parametric tests were conducted. Tests were two tailed with P < 0.05 indicating statistical significance. Normal values of left ventricular structures were established; LVM: 63.72g – 336.18g, LVMI: 38.16g/m – 222.64g/m, and RWT: 0.25 – 0.52. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were established in LVM, LVMI and RWT between normotensive and hypertensive subjects. Positive and significant correlations were noted between these variables and systolic blood pressure in hypertensive subjects. A simple linear regression of RWT on Body surface area gives RWT = - 0.058 BSA + 0.475 in normotensive subjects. Normal values of left ventricular structures and a linear regression model have been established which could be used in the assessment of morbidity in hypertension.