Fault Tolerant Distributed and Fixed Hierarchical Mobile IP

To several mobility management protocols proposed for IP-based mobile networks, faulttolerance aspect of mobility agents is a primary requirement to sustain continuous service availability to themobile hosts. For a localized or micro- mobility management solution, the local mobility agent i.e. gateway isa single point of failure because it is responsible for enforcing the signaling and data packets in its domain.Such failures may severely disrupt the communications among the failure-affected users. The problembecomes even more severe for mobility agents in a distributed mobility management scheme with overlappingregistration areas.This paper proposes a fault tolerance scheme for Distributed and Fixed Hierarchical Mobile IP(DFHMIP) and evaluates its performance in terms of data transmission cost and blocking probability.