Análise dos aspectos institucionais da regula o de OGMs no Brasil: boas práticas de governan a ambiental?

The release for the planting of Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) is a controversial issue and requires care because it involves the country’s food security, the sovereignty of producers about seed use and the long-term potential environmental risks. Thus, it is important to analyze how the decision-making structures, both formal and informal, are established to address these issues, i.e. environmental governance of GMOs in Brazil, which is the purpose of this article. Among the good governance practices to be analyzed, we will be using the following parameters: popular participation in decision-making, and access to information and environmental justice. The following results were obtained: from the standpoint of public participation, there are flaws, as decision-makers have little social permeability, therefore CTNBio holds public hearings only by its own decision or by court order, which limits access to participation in the deliberation on GMOs. Regarding access to information, we also pointed out problems, as the Biosafety Information System has not been implemented. Environmental justice is inefficient since many cases of contamination of organic and conventional varieties by GMOs economically harm farmers, especially the first ones, who are at risk of losing their organic certification. Moreover, the decision on conducting environmental impact studies is determined by CTNBio, injuring principles that give this task to the organs of SISNAMA. We conclude therefore that the regulation of GMOs in Brazil does not have good environmental governance.