Dinamica do uso do solo e valora o de servi os ecossistêmicos: notas de orienta o para políticas ambientais

This paper presents an application of the ecosystem services valuation vis-à-vis the land-use dynamic in the Mogi-Gua u and Pardo Rivers watershed (MP watershed, S o Paulo State) in order to demonstrate the relevance of this methodological tool for environmental policies orientation. The results show that the land-use dynamic in the region between 1988 and 2002 had a negative impact on the total value of ecosystem services generated. We also demonstrate the impacts on ecosystem services under the hypothesis of environmental legislation compliance (Forest Code of 1965). Using estimates for PPA (Permanent Preservation Area) and LR (Legal Reserves) deficits in the year 2002 (110,359.93 ha), we simulate two scenarios in which, respectively, the deficit was only settled in areas of agricultural use, and agricultural areas and pastures. The analysis shows that the generated value in terms of ecosystem services per unit of forest area is greater than the value generated when the same unit is used with other types of land-use such as sugarcane or pasture. From the farmers’ point of view this result has no immediate interest, since they do not appropriate all the value generated by ecosystem services. The comparison proves that the conversion of land to forests should be encouraged via compensation policies, given the greater social value generated over the private value.