Theoretical approximations to the relation nature - culture: some contributions between 1980 - 2004 Aproximaciones teóricas a la relación naturaleza - cultura: algunas contribuciones entre 1980 – 2004

The objective of this article is to show some of the most important critics in the debate between nature and culture today. It wants to claim new paradigms of science in the problematic of the depletion of natural resources of the home we live in, the earth, and the role local communities play against the looter discourse of global capitalism from their distinct cultural and social existence. This article contains three parts that propose by analogy, a resemblance between the times of change occurring from one momentto another, in the same way that we could pass from "classic" paradigm about the topics to recent theoreticalprocesses including local knowledge. The first one, called "night", exposes shortly most common approach that capitalism and the positive currents of science maintain about nature. The second, "Sunrise",is one of the most important pieces of this work, since it criticizes the darkness of the night, the approachesof the global capitalism from Marxism, the post-structuralism and the gender. The third, "newday", concludes that with these new perspectives of analysis we can understand in a better way therelationship between humans and Earth. These new political, cultural, environmental and global knowledgefrom the Centre and the periphery are crossed by power relationships, which propose a new inclusive perspective between apparently contradictory concepts, and represent its overcoming, starting from the consciousness that they themselves generate, trying to guide the political issue to these new knowledge within a global agenda. El objetivo del presente artículo es mostrar algunas de las críticas más importantes dadas en el debate actual entre naturaleza y cultura. Busca reivindicar nuevos paradigmas de las ciencias dentro de la problemática del agotamiento de los recursos naturales del hogar que habitamos, la tierra, y el papel que juegan las comunidades locales contra el discurso predador del capitalismo global, a partir de su existencia cultural y social. Este trabajo se divide en tres partes que proponen por analogía, un símil entre los momentos de cambio de la noche al amanecer de un nuevo día; de la misma forma en que podríamos pasar de paradigmas “clásicos”, a procesos sociales recientes que incluyen los conocimientos locales. La primera, llamada “la noche”, expone brevísimamente los planteamientos más comunes que el capitalismo y las corrientes positivistas de la ciencia, mantienen frente a la naturaleza. La segunda, “el amanecer”, es una de las partes más importantes del presente escrito, ya que realiza una crítica a la oscurida