Isolation of 1, 2 di-substituted idopyranose from Vitex negundo and its effects on diabetic rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of plant compound idopyranose isevaluated against streptozotocin-induced diabetics Wistar rats. The animals were divided into four groupsconsisting of 6 rats each. Group I contained the normal control were treated with olive oil, group II wasserved as a negative control (diabetic control), group III comprising normal rats were administered withidopyranose alone for 21 days and group IV diabetic rats were administered with idopyranose (50 mg /kgbody wt/ day orally) respectively. Diabetic rats were given idopyranose isolated from the plant, Vitexnegundo showed significant reduction in blood glucose, alanine aminotransaminase and aspirateaminotransaminase activities. Serum urea, creatinine and cholesterol were also significantly reduced whencompared to diabetic control. Apart from these parameters, idopyranose showed improvement inparameters like body weight, lipid profile such as triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low densitylipoprotein (LDL). In diabetic rats changes like coarsening of acinar cells of endoplasmic reticulation,destruction of beta cells and alternation in their secretary function were observed in the histomorphology ofthe pancreas. The changes like dilation of vein, loss of unusual concentric arrangement of hepatocytes andliver fibrosis were observed in the liver. Thickening of tubules and expansion of glomerulus were observed inkidneys. All these altered parameters were reversed close to normal condition by the treatment ofidopyranose. According to biochemical and histological results obtained, it can be concluded that theidopyranose helps in regeneration of damaged pancreas and protects pancreatic cells and hyperglycemicnature against streptozotocin-induced diabetes.