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Evaluation of Antinociceptive and Antioxidant Potential from the Leaves of Spilanthes paniculata Growing in BangladeshKeywords: Spilanthes paniculata , Antinociceptive , DPPH , Free-radical scavenging , Nitric oxide scavenging , Reducing power , Total phenolic Abstract: The crude ethanolic extract of the leaves of Spilanthes paniculata Wall.ex DC (Family: Asteraceae) was evaluated for its possible antinociceptive and antioxidant activities abundantly growing in northeast part of Bangladesh. At the dose 500 mg/kg body weight, the extract showed a significant analgesic activity in acetic acid induced writhing in mice showing 37.61% inhibition (P<0.001) comparable to that produced by Diclofenac Na (45.02%) used as standard drug. Five complementary test systems, namely DPPH free radical scavenging, nitric oxide scavenging, reducing power, Fe++ion chelating ability and total phenolic content were used for determining antioxidant activities of the leaf extract. In DPPH free radical scavenging test, IC50value for ethanolic crude extract was found fairly significant 36.25 μg/ml while compared to the IC50 value of the reference standards ascorbic acid and Butylated Hydroxy Anisole (BHA) (3.93 & 7.10 μg/ml) respectively. The ethanol extract showed maximum nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity of 70.68% at 100 μg/ml, where as ascorbic acid exhibited 83.83% inhibition at the same concentration. The IC50value for nitric oxide scavenging test was also found significant (73.26 μg/ml) while compared to the IC50 value of the reference standard ascorbic acid (37.93 μg/ml). The maximum absorbance for reducing power assay was found to 1.531at 100 μg/ml while compared to 2.811 and 2.031 for standard ascorbic acid and BHA respectively. The IC50value of the extract as percentage of Fe++ion chelating ability was determined as 18.68 μg/ml where that of EDTA showed 8.87 μg/ml. The total phenolic amount was also calculated as quite high in ethanolic crude extract 278.47 mg/g of gallic acid equivalent. Therefore, the obtained results tend to suggest the antinociceptiveand antioxidant activities of the crude ethanolic extract of the leaves of Spilanthes paniculata and justify its use in folkloric remedies.
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