Comparative Studies on Physicochemical Properties and GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil of the Two Varieties of the Black Pepper (Piper nigrum Linn.)

Piper nigrum Linn. seed locally known as Gol Marich in Bangladesh. It is one of the oldest and the most widely used spices in the world. Gol Marich or black pepper is rightly considered the “King of Spices”. In this study essential oil of the two varieties of black pepper from Bangladesh and India were investigated by GC-MS. Black pepper (Piper nigram L.). Essential oil has been widely used as a warming and engineering oil that is helpful at the onset of respiratory infections, and for soothing muscular aches and pains. Quantification of active principles through analytical tools is essential for establishing the authenticity and credibility. The main objective of the present study was focused on identification and quantification of chemical constituents present in the essential oil of black pepper by GC-MS methods.Total 18 chemical constituents were found by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis from the essential oil of Bangladeshi black pepper. On the other hand total 14 chemical constituents were found from the Indian black pepper . Steam distillation extraction combined with GC-MS has been shown to be a valuable tool for the analysis of black pepper constituents and can provide a useful guide to component variation.