Comparative Studies on Physicochemical Properties and GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oil of the Two Varieties of the Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum Linn.) in Bangladesh

Pimpinella anisum Linn. is locally known as Mohuri in Bangladesh. It is used as spices all over the world. In this study essential oil of the two varieties of aniseed from two different places of Bangladesh were investigated by GC-MS. Aniseed (Pimpinella anisum Linn.) essential oil has been widely used in aromatherapy for breathing difficulties as well as has a good effect on asthma as a natural asthma remedy. Total 9 chemical constituents were found by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis from the essential oil of Bangladeshi Dhaka aniseed. The oil rich in cis-Anethole (69.404%), D-Limonene (13.273%), Bycyclo[2,2,1]heptan-2-one,1,3,3-trimethyl(11.413%), trans-Anethole (1.977%), Benzene,1 methyl-3-(1-methyethyl)- (1.447%), 1R-alpha-pinene (0.946%), alpha-pinene (0.943%), Eucalyptol (0.447%), Hexaborane (0.150%).On the other hand total 8 chemical constituents were found from the Bangladeshi Bogra aniseed essential oil. The oil contains cis-Anethole (85.321%), Cyclobutane,1,2-bis(1-methylethenyl) (6.492%), Bycyclo[2,2,1]heptan-2-one,1,3,3-trimethyl (5.440%), 1R-alpha-pinene (0.873%), trans-Anethole (0.697%), 1,3,8-p-Menthatriene(0.462%), 1,3,6-octatriene,3,7-dimethyl-,(E)- (0.414%), Eucalyptol (0.300%). Quantification of active principles through analytical tools is essential for establishing the authenticity and credibility. Steam distillation extraction combined with GC-MS has been shown to be a valuable tool for the analysis of aniseed constituents and can provide a useful guide to component variation. The main objective of the present study was focused on identification and quantification of chemical constituents present in the essential oil of aniseed by GC-MS methods.