The occupational stress index—an approach derived from cognitive ergonomics applicable to clinical practice

The occupational stress index is an additive-burden model that incorporates key aspects of the leading sociological work-stressor models, but was developed from a cognitive ergonomics perspective. The index bridges the gap between two divergent approaches in occupational psychosocial research via occupation-specific instruments (for professional drivers, physicians, teachers, and the like). These are mutually compatible within the theoretical framework of the index, allowing between-occupation comparisons, but are more operationalized than generic instruments. They are thereby especially helpful for identifying key modifiable stressors in a given work environment. Among the salient empirical findings using the index are significant within-group associations between work-stressor burden and cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as lifestyle-related risk factors for cancer and CVD. The index is of clinical value, helping physicians incorporate the workplace into diagnostic and management strategies. The perspectives via the index are presented for developing evidence-based return-to-work guidelines for patients with cancer, CVD, and neuropsychiatric disorders.