The Evolution of Political Parties During the Past 20 Years

Crisis of the political mass parties does not necessarily mean party crisis. They buy new strength from the always narrowest relationship which entertain with the state institutions. Parties go back to be of the élites closed with poor ties with the members, while constraints which join them to the financial and entrepreneurial élites are very solid. Causes of these changes can be investigated in the crisis of the Welfare State which has even subtracted space to the traditional party activities, turning the enterprises into new political subjects.