Hidróxidos dobles laminares: arcillas sintéticas con aplicaciones en nanotecnología

Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are synthetic structures comprising hydroxylated layers with positive electrostatic charges stabilized by interlayer anions. The anion exchange capacity can be tuned during the synthesis unlike natural anion exchangers like clays. The hydroxyl groups covering the surfaces of layers are reactive towards a wide range of organic molecules allowing the design of new materials through functionalization reactions for biological, catalysis or even environmental applications. This work reviews the chemical and structural features, the synthesis methods as well as some technological areas where these compounds are being used