Morpho-physiological Aspects of Micro-propagating Banana under Different Hormonal Conditions

An experiment was designed, to know what a physio-chemical situation developed in the micro-propagating banana variety Basrai on either organogenesis or shooting stage under specific hormonal conditions. In vitro plantlets were developed by culturing meristematic stem tips (explant) on organogenesis medium (8.0 μM BA; 10.0 μM IAA; 3.0 g L-1 phytagel) for 3 weeks, shoot induction medium (15.0 μM BA; 1.0 g L-1 phytagel) for 3 weeks and shoot multiplication medium (10.0 μM BA; 2.0 g L-1 phytagel) for 4 weeks. The micro-propagating plantlets and freshly excised explant from young banana plant from field were cultured on each of these 3 cultures separately. Variable morpho-biochemical contents were observed in each cultured tissue. On the organogenesis medium, reduction in Ca2+, K+, total protein and explant proliferation, fresh and dry weight, rate of micro-propagation but increase in Na+, Clˉ and reducing sugar contents were measured, in comparison to both shooting cultures, where all of these were observed in a reversed form. So organogenesis resulted under stressed condition which is developed due to IAA and BA, later on relaxation leads into shoot induction, when only BA is present in the medium. Both steps i.e., organogenesis and shooting are directed due to the presence of specific hormones in the medium.