Hierarchical Coordination for Data Gathering (HCDG) in Wireless Sensor Networks

A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of large number of sensor nodes where each nodeoperates by a finite battery for sensing, computing, and performing wireless communication tasks.Energy aware routing and MAC protocols were proposed to prolong the lifetime of WSNs. MACprotocols reduce energy consumption by putting the nodes into sleep mode for a relatively longerperiod of time; thereby minimizing collisions and idle listening time. On the other hand, efficientenergy aware routing is achieved by finding the best path from the sensor nodes to the Base Station(BS) where energy consumption is minimal. In almost all solutions there is always a tradeoffbetween power consumption and delay reduction. This paper presents an improved hierarchicalcoordination for data gathering (HCDG) routing schema for WSNs based on multi-level chainsformation with data aggregation. Also, this paper provides an analytical model for energy consumptionin WSN to compare the performance of our proposed HCDG schema with the near optimalenergy reduction methodology, PEGASIS. Our results demonstrate that the proposedrouting schema provides relatively lower energy consumption with minimum delay for large scaleWSNs.