Periductal stromal sarcoma in a child: a case report

A 14-year-old Arabic boy was presented to our hospital one year ago with a nodule of the right breast that was gradually increasing in size without signs of inflammation. The histological examination after lumpectomy revealed a periductal stromal sarcoma with free surgical margins. No adjuvant treatment was given. At 50 months of close follow-up, no recurrence was observed.Periductal stromal sarcoma in a child is a very rare disease which has the same indolent behavior as it does in adults. Therefore, close follow-up is required.Periductal stromal sarcoma (PSS) is an extremely rare neoplasm arising in the connective tissue of the breast, especially from the periductal stroma [1]. In this care report, we describe the first such case in a child reported in the literature. Diagnostic problems due to the lack of phyllodes tumors cause diagnostic problems, because PSS is a distinct, low-grade breast sarcoma with no clinical or radiological specificity. Regarding its therapeutic management, surgery with safe margins is the ideal treatment, and the efficacy of adjuvant treatment (for example, chemotherapy or radiotherapy) remains to be demonstrated [2,3].We report the clinical case of a 14-year-old Arabic boy with no history of disease who was presented to our hospital one year ago with a nodule of the right breast that was gradually increasing in size. Upon clinical examination, we found, in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast, a small mass measuring approximately 2cm in size, round in shape, with no signs of inflammation and not associated with axillary lymph nodes. He underwent a lumpectomy. Grossly, the tumor was well circumscribed, nodular, and well delineated and measured 1.5 cm × 1 cm. Microscopic examination revealed no leafy architecture, but we found a biphasic proliferation composed of epithelial and mesenchymal components. The epithelial component corresponded to ducts with borders, sometimes double and sometimes with mild to moderate hyperplasia witho